-176621 CHAPTER 32—POLITICS OF HOPE AND FEAR, 1993-2007 Murrin, Johnson, McPherson, Fahs, Gerstle, Rosenberg & Rosenberg Copyright © 2008 Wadsworth Group Liberty, Equality, Power: A History of the American People, 5e 0704lep5e.bmp
Times Instructions: Identify the following term(s). All of the following statements regarding Clinton's environmental policies are true except he blocked road construction and logging in 60 million acres of forests. rejected the efforts made by Republicans to put land under federal protection. sought to use incentives rather than penalties for environmental changes. acted to improve crowd control in Yosemite National Park. sought to protect old-growth forests. B Most Difficult p. 1001 Factual 1 After making Clinton a center issue in the 1998 election, congressional Republicans gained ten seats. lost ten seats. gained five seats. lost five seats. gained fifteen seats. C Average p. 1001 Factual 1 "Americorps" was a program that was to replace the Peace Corps. let nonviolent offenders out of jail if they joined the military. Clinton strongly opposed. allowed students to repay college loans through community service. restricted the number of hours a minor could work at night. D Average p. 998 Factual 1 The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act was defeated by the Republican Congress. vetoed by President Clinton. eliminated the food stamps program. part of Clinton's plan to make government larger. the first major overhaul of the national welfare system since the 1930s. E Least Difficult p. 1000 Factual 1 Compared to Bill Clinton in executive style, George W. Bush favored meetings that were more formal and structured. was more interested in free-wheeling, intellectual give-and-take. was more likely to be interested in the details of ideas. preferred longer meetings. was remarkably similar. A Average p. 1006 Factual 1 Dick Cheney's political views can most accurately be described as New Left. independent. moderately conservative. New Right. liberal. D Least Difficult p. 1004 Factual 1 The Bush administration chose to ignore the FISA of 1978 in regards to the issue of torture. domestic wiretaps. prisoner detainees. coal emissions. strip mining. B Most Difficult p. 1016 Factual 1 In the 2000 presidential campaign, George W. Bush criticized past Democratic efforts in making diplomatic contact with North Korea. treating sexual predators. nation building abroad. responding to natural disasters. fighting terrorism. C Most Difficult p. 1014 Factual 1 New Right activists and the Bush administration enjoyed considerable success in the area of judicial appointments. oil exploration. immigration reform. overhauling Social Security. lowering federal spending. A Average p. 1013 Factual 1 During the 1990s, the income gap between the wealthiest and ordinary workers narrowed to its smallest difference in thirty years. remained about the same throughout the decade. was less than it had been during the Reagan administration. grew steadily wider through the decade. lessened until 1996 when it suddenly grew much wider. D Average p. 999 Factual 1 Compared to the 2000 election, in 2004, George Bush did best in gaining the support of people in suburbs. who regularly attended church. who were white. who lived in small towns. all of the above. E Least Difficult p. 1011 Factual 1 President Bush replaced William Rehnquist on the Supreme Court with John Roberts. John Bolton. Harriet Myers. Samuel Alito. Steven Breyer. A Average p. 1013 Factual 1 The 1992 Democratic nominee for the presidency was Bill Clinton. Michael Dukakis. Al Gore. Edward Kennedy. Joe Lieberman. A Average p. 997 Factual 1 During the Clinton years, the chairman of the Federal Reserve Board was Ira Bond. Paul Volker. Warren Buffet. Alan Greenspan. Dick Morris. B Average p. 999 Factual 1 In 1994, President Clinton sent U.S. troops into ____ in order to reinstate its democratically elected leader. Nicaragua the Dominican Republic Haiti Costa Rica Panama C Most Difficult p. 1002 Factual 1 In 1993, a bomb ripped through ____ in New York City, evidence that terrorism had reached the United States. the Empire State Building Grand Central Station Penn Station the World Trade Center Metropolitan Museum D Least Difficult p. 1004 Factual 1 The ____ created the largest free-market zone in the world. Free Market Act World Trade Organization North American Free Trade Agreement North American Treaty Alliance International Monetary Fund C Average p. 1004 Analytical 1 All the following statements regarding the 1996 presidential election are true except Robert Dole chose Jack Kemp as his Republican running mate. Ross Perot ran again as he had in 1992 though he was less aggressive. Clinton won with just over 50 percent of the vote. Clinton was the first Democratic to win at least two terms since Franklin Roosevelt. Clinton had about the same margin of victory as in 1992. C Average p. 1000 Factual 1 In 2000, George W. Bush said the philosopher who most influenced his intellectual development was Thoreau. Ronald Reagan. Thomas Jefferson. Jesus. Aristotle. D Average p. 1006 Factual 1 President Clinton pulled U.S. troops out of Somalia after public opinion turned against the American involvement. conservatives criticized him for attempting to do "nation building." eighteen service personnel died. factional warfare developed. all of the above. E Most Difficult p. 1002 Factual 1 All of the following were terrorist attacks directed at the United States by Islamic militants except bombing of U.S. embassy in Kenya in 1998. attack on the battleship, the Cole, in 2000. World Trade Center bombing, 1993. Oklahoma City bombing in 1995. bombing of U.S. embassy in Tanzania in 1998. D Most Difficult p. 1004 Factual 1 President Bush proclaimed an end to "significant combat" in the Iraq war less than two months after it began. from the Oval office. after the capture of Saddam Hussein. before the U.S. troops had reached Baghdad. all of the above. A Least Difficult p. 1009 Factual 1 The Supreme Court vote that ultimately decided the 2000 election was 9 to 0. 8 to 1. 7 to 2. 6 to 3. 5 to 4. E Average p. 1005 Factual 1 When the Bush administration began the invasion of Iraq in 2003 it followed the Pentagon's recommendations regarding the troops needed. it sought to create psychological confusion among the Iraqis. a ground attack was begun without any air support. news reporters were not allowed to accompany troops. it started in the month of May before the weather got too hot. B Most Difficult p. 1009 Analytical 1 In the 2002 elections, Republicans gained seats in the Senate but lost some in the House. lost seats in the Senate but gained some in the House. gained seats in the Senate and in the House. saw no change in seats in the Senate but gained some in the House. saw no changes in seats in either the Senate or the House. C Average p. 1008 Analytical 1 Shortly after September 11, 2001, President Bush announced he would wage a war against Iran. Iraq. Afghanistan. terrorism. all of the above. D Least Difficult p. 1008 Factual 1 In 1998, Republican Speaker of House, Newt Gingrich, was forced to resign from office due to illegal campaign contributions. hiring family members on his staff. being arrested for drunk driving. making a racial joke. an extramarital affair. E Most Difficult p. 1001 Analytical 1 The Texas-based energy company that would become the most infamous example of corruption in the 1990s was Adelphia. Enron. Tyco. A.T.T. Tyson. B Least Difficult p. 999 Factual 1 All of the following statements regarding the Clinton impeachment are true except Clinton's approval ratings rose while the special prosecutor's ratings fell. the special prosecutor who discovered the affair was a conservative Republican. Clinton was impeached on the grounds he had obstructed justice. Clinton initially denied the affair and later recanted. the economy showed solid growth during the impeachment debate. D Most Difficult p. 1000 Factual 1 In the 2000 election, the key state in deciding the winner of the presidency was Texas. Florida. Ohio. New Hampshire. Nevada. B Least Difficult p. 1005 Analytical 1 In the 2004 presidential election, John Kerry was fiercely attacked over his voting record in the Senate. allegations of affairs. choice of a running mate. Vietnam War record. campaign contributions. D Average p. 1010 Analytical 1 In the 2004 presidential campaign, President Bush's theme for the war in Iraq was "consider new alternatives". "time for a change". "stay the course". "unconditional victory". "mission accomplished". C Least Difficult p. 1010 Factual 1 In the 2004 presidential election, George W. Bush's margin of victory in the popular was less than 1 percent. less than 3 percent. more than 5 percent. more than 8 percent. more than 12 percent. B Most Difficult p. 1011 Factual 1 By the end of 2006, the number of U.S. soldiers killed in Iraq was nearly 3,000. 4,000. 5,000. 6,000. 8,000. A Average p. 1014 Factual 1 The most accurate assessment of the Clinton administration's controversial $20 billion loan to Mexico in 1995 would be that it was very successful for both countries. a continuing source of friction between the two nations. a political fiasco for President Clinton. an embarrassment for both countries. a good financial deal for Mexico but a bad one for the United States. A Most Difficult p. 1004 Analytical 1 In 2006, the war in Iraq cost the United States ____ billion dollars a month. two three four five six E Average p. 1014 Factual 1 The "No Child Left Behind" program dealt with the issue of education. foster care. homeless children. sexual predators. physical fitness. A Least Difficult p. 1006 Factual 1 Bill Clinton's assets as president included all of the following except his youth, vitality, and musical tastes. successful health-care reform plan. culturally diverse administration included African Americans, Latinos, and women in key roles. image as a "New Democrat" who wanted to reduce taxes and government spending. support for welfare reform. B Most Difficult p. 998 Analytical 1 In foreign policy, President Bill Clinton continued a trade embargo against Vietnam. expanded international markets and lowered trade barriers in Asia and North America. offered nuclear weapons to South Korea as a deterrent to North Korean aggression. established friendly relations with Cuba. broke off relations with Israel. B Most Difficult p. 1004 Factual 1 Soon after being reelected, President Bush sought a radical overhaul of drug enforcement. public housing. immigration policy. energy regulations. Social Security. E Average p. 1011 Factual 1 In 2005, an official U.S. government report concluded that, in 2003, Iraq did have biological weapons though it was unclear what happened to them. destroyed its biological weapons once the U.S. invaded. did not have either biological or nuclear weapons when the U.S. invaded. had no desire to possess weapons of mass destruction. had ended all purchases of military weapons of any kind. C Average p. 1009 Factual 1 Criticism of the federal government's handling of Hurricane Katrina included the inability to accurately account for the number of dead and missing. an inadequacy to prepare for such a disaster. failure to provide timely and effective relief. videotape that contradicted statements made by White House officials. all of the above. E Average p. 1014 Factual 1 In 2006, President Bush issued his first veto of a bill on the issue of mercury pollution controls. torture regulations. oil drilling. warrantless wiretaps. stem cell research. E Average p. 1013 Factual 1 During the Clinton presidency, crime statistics dropped dramatically. unemployment fell below 4 percent. more than sixteen million jobs were created. welfare rolls declined by 6/7ths. all of the above E Most Difficult p. 1001 Factual 1 The "Bush Doctrine" (George W.) called for tax cuts to stimulate the economy. challenged the Soviet Union's dominance in Eastern Europe. asserted U.S. authority to wage preemptive war. supported domestic legislation to enhance surveillance of suspected terrorists. called for U.S. dominance in Latin America. C Average p. 1008 Factual 1 President George W. Bush's popularity soared when he introduced his tax cut package. after the terrorist attacks on U.S. targets in Washington and New York. when he announced his energy program. when he took a tough stand against corporate fraud. when he ordered the invasion of Panama. B Least Difficult p. 1008 Analytical 1 President George W. Bush's proposals for educational reform called for vouchers for federal money that would enable parents to transfer their children from public to private schools. abolishing the use of standardized tests to determine the success of students and schools. reducing the involvement of the federal government in education and empowering the states to control their school systems. abolishing the public school system. using federal funds to increase teacher salaries. A Average p. 1006 Factual 1 The outcome of the election of 2000 was finally decided by a partisan decision rendered by the state supreme court of Florida. a state-wide recount of votes cast in Florida. a ruling from a narrowly divided U. S. Supreme Court. the U.S. House of Representatives. the electoral college. C Least Difficult p. 1005 Factual 1 Ralph Nader ran for President in 2000 on the American Party ticket. on the Green Party ticket. as a "compassionate conservative." as an attempt to divide the support of George W. Bush. as a Republican. B Least Difficult p. 1004 Factual 1 In the election of 2000, a majority of white men voted for Al Gore. Ralph Nader. George W. Bush. Ross Perot. Edward Kennedy. C Least Difficult p. 1005 Factual 1 In 2000, George W. Bush said the philosopher who most influenced his intellectual development was Ghandi. F Least Difficult p. 1006 Factual 1 Mexico paid back a controversial $20 billion loan from the Clinton administration within a year with $1 billion in interest. T Average p. 1004 Factual 1 The Bush administration has argued for a loose definition of what constitutes torture. T Average p. 1016 Factual 1 The Supreme Court vote that ultimately decided the 2000 election was unanimous. F Average p. 1005 Factual 1 At the end of 2006, the war in Iraq was very unpopular in the United States. T Least Difficult p. 1016 Factual 1 Kenneth Starr was hired as a special prosecutor to investigate allegations that Bill Clinton had had a sexual affair with a white House intern. F Most Difficult p. 1000 Factual 1 The attacks of September 11, 2001, were the first times that Islamic terrorism had been directed against the United States. F Average p. 1004 Factual 1 After making Clinton a center issue in the 1998 election, congressional Republicans lost five seats. T Average p. 1001 Factual 1 NAFTA refers to the North American Fair Treaty Alliance. F Average p. 1004 Factual 1 The Bush (George W.) Doctrine supported domestic legislation to enhance surveillance of suspected terrorists. F Most Difficult p. 1008 Factual 1 Compared to Bill Clinton in executive style, George W. Bush preferred longer meetings to study more of a plan's details. F Average p. 1006 Analytical 1 During his time in office, Bill Clinton signed nearly fifty trade agreements. F Most Difficult p. 1004 Factual 1 An international furor broke out over American soldiers' treatment of prisoners at Abu Ghraib prison. T Average p. 1010 Factual 1 Soon after being reelected, President Bush sought a radical overhaul of the American federal prison system. F Average p. 1011 Analytical 1 In 2000, Ralph Nader attracted twice the votes that Ross Perot got in 1992. F Average p. 1004 Factual 1 Bill Clinton strongly backed the North American Free Trade Agreement. T Least Difficult p. 1004 Factual 1 In the 2004 presidential election, John Kerry was fiercely attacked over his choice of running mate. F Average p. 1010 Factual 1 The death toll in the September 11, 2001, attacks was nearly 3,000. T Least Difficult p. 1007 Factual 1 Public approval ratings for President Clinton rose during his impeachment trial. T Average p. 1001 Analytical 1 In 2005, the newly elected Iraq national assembly was dominated by Sunnis. F Average p. 1013 Factual 1 Bill Clinton sent U.S. troops to intervene in a civil war in Rwanda. F Most Difficult p. 1002 Factual 1 In 2005, an official U.S. government report concluded that, in 2003, Iraq did not have nuclear weapons but did possess biological weapons when the U.S. invaded. F Average p. 1009 Analytical 1 The "No Child Left Behind" program dealt with the issue of foster care. F Least Difficult p. 1006 Factual 1 Democrats provided some of the strongest opposition to passage of the North American Free Trade Agreement. T Most Difficult p. 1004 Analytical 1 Bill Clinton won reelection in 1996 by a significantly larger margin than he had gained in 1992. F Average p. 1000 Factual 1 In 2006, President Bush issued his first veto of a bill on the issue of wiretaps. F Average p. 1013 Factual 1 Republicans obtained a bare majority of votes in favor of the impeachment of Bill Clinton but not the required two-thirds majority. F Most Difficult p. 1001 Factual 1 The highest priority of Bill Clinton's foreign policy was to lower trade barriers and expand global markets. T Average p. 1004 Analytical 1 George W. Bush won the presidency in 2000 due to a Supreme Court decision. T Average p. 1005 Factual 1 Ohio was the key state in determining the winner of the 2000 presidential election. F Average p. 1005 Factual 1 President Bush proclaimed an end to "significant combat" in the Iraq war before the fall of Baghdad to U.S. troops. F Average p. 1009 Analytical 1 George W. Bush won the 2004 presidential election by 8 percent. F Most Difficult p. 1011 Factual 1 "Americorps" was a program that allowed students to repay college loans through community service. T Average p. 998 Factual 1 In foreign policy, President Bill Clinton established friendly relations with Cuba. F Average p. 1004 Factual 1 When the Bush administration began the invasion of Iraq in 2003 it relied more on psychological shock of the Iraqis than on Pentagon recommendations of troops levels. T Average p. 1009 Analytical 1 Al Gore's campaign for the presidency in 2000 was better organized and more focused than that of George W. Bush. F Average p. 1005 Factual 1 George W. Bush's initiatives in office were considerably more timid than his campaign rhetoric. F Average p. 1006 Analytical 1 When the Bush administration launched an attack on Iraq, the United Nations and most major powers refused to back the war effort. T Least Difficult p. 1009 Factual 1 By end of 2001, U.S. led forces had installed a government in Afghanistan that could control both the capital city and the countryside. F Least Difficult p. 1008 Analytical 1 Ralph Nader received more votes in the presidential election of 2000 than did Ross Perot in 1996. F Average p. 1004 Factual 1 In 2006, the war in Iraq cost the United States ____________________ billion dollars a month. 6 Average p. 1014 Factual 1 0 During the Clinton presidency, the number of people on welfare declined by ____________________. 6/7ths or 2.2 million families Most Difficult p. 1001 Factual 1 0 The special prosecutor who discovered Bill Clinton had an affair with a White House intern was ____________________. Kenneth Starr Average p. 1000 Factual 1 0 An international furor broke out over American soldiers' treatment of prisoners at ____________________ prison in Iraq. Abu Ghraib Most Difficult p. 1010 Factual 1 0 The ____________________ was a Bush educational program that called for mandatory testing. No Child Left Behind Average p. 1006 Factual 1 0 The George W. Bush administration's ____________________ Act gave the executive branch broad latitude over the surveillance and detention of people considered threats to national security. Patriot Least Difficult p. 1008 Factual 1 0 Dick Cheney's political views can most accurately be described as ____________________ . New Right Average p. 1004 Factual 1 0 ____________________ million jobs were created during the Clinton presidency. Sixteen 16 Average p. 1001 Factual 1 0 Bill Clinton's public approval rating was close to ____________________ percent when he left office. 70 Most Difficult p. 1001 Factual 1 0 In the 2004 presidential campaign, President Bush's theme for the war in Iraq was ____________________. "stay the course" Average p. 1010 Factual 1 0 The 1996 welfare reform law TANE stood for "Temporary ____________________." Assistance to Needy Families Most Difficult p. 1000 Factual 1 0 A major overhaul of welfare under Clinton was called "The Personal Responsibility ____________________ Act". Work Opportunity Reconciliation Average p. 1000 Factual 1 0 In 2000, Ralph Nader ran for president as a ____________________ party candidate. Green Average p. 1004 Factual 1 0 Unlike the 1991 ____________________ American taxpayers directly bore the cost of the 2003 Iraq War. Persian Gulf War Average p. 1009 Factual 1 0 In 1994, President Clinton chose ____________________ to head the taskforce in charge of national health care reform. Hillary Clinton Average p. 998 Factual 1 0 The White House intern who had an affair with Bill Clinton was ____________________. Monica Lewinsky Least Difficult p. 1000 Factual 1 0 The U.S. invasion of Iraq in May, 2003, was called ____________________. Iraqi Freedom Most Difficult p. 1009 Factual 1 0 Bill Clinton's Republican opponent in 1996 was ____________________. Robert Dole Average p. 1000 Factual 1 0 In 2001, George W. Bush announced the United States would not support the ____________________ on global warming and several other agreements. Kyoto Protocol Most Difficult p. 1007 Factual 1 0 In February 1994, the United States ended its nineteen-year trade embargo with ____________________. Vietnam Average p. 1004 Factual 1 0 In Iraq, the three major religious groups at odds with each other are the Sunni, ____________________ and ____________________. Shiites; Kurds Kurds; Shiites Average p. 1009 Factual 1 0 The program that allowed students to repay college loans through community service was called ____________________. "Americorps" Average p. 998 Factual 1 0 In 1994, President Clinton's major proposal to reform ____________________ was heavily criticized and easily defeated in Congress. health care Average p. 998 Factual 1 0 During his eight years in office, Bill Clinton signed more than ____________________ trade agreements. 300 Most Difficult p. 1004 Factual 1 0 During the Clinton presidency, unemployment dropped below ____________________ percent. 4 Average p. 1001 Factual 1 0 In 2000 George W. Bush ran for President identifying himself as a "____________________ conservative." compassionate Average p. 1005 Factual 1 0 In 2005, the ____________________ and Kurds dominated the newly elected Iraq national assembly. Shia Average p. 1013 Factual 1 0 President Clinton failed to intervene in ____________________ where a genocidal civil war resulted in the death of 500,000 Tutsis. Rwanda Average p. 1002 Factual 1 0 Clinton's secretary of interior moved to block road construction and logging in ____________________. national forests Most Difficult p. 1001 Factual 1 0 Shortly after September 11, 2001, President Bush announced he would wage a war against ____________________. terrorism Least Difficult p. 1008 Factual 1 0 North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA): approved by Congress in 1993, it expanded international markets and lowered trade barriers in Asia and North America. This very significant trade legislation was strongly endorsed by Bill Clinton as part of his effort to expand global markets. TYPE: Identifications 1 -1 The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA): approved by Congress in 1996 with the endorsement of Bill Clinton, it was the most significant change to the national welfare system since the 1930s. It replaced the AFDC program which provided funds and services to poor families headed by single unemployed women, with more flexible block grants to states. TYPE: Identifications 1 -1 Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANE): a part of PRWORA, this program allowed states, following general federal guidelines, to devise their own welfare and work programs. This approach was both praised and controversial. Supporters said it would save money and encourage employment, while critics said the five-year limitation on funds over a person's lifetime and the requirement to find work within two years of receiving aid underestimated the difficulties facing people without job skills. TYPE: Identifications 1 -1 Ross Perot: Texas billionaire who spent millions to form his own third party and promote his bids for the presidency in 1992 and 1996. TYPE: Identifications 1 -1 Bush Doctrine: formulated by George W. Bush in the aftermath of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. Under the doctrine, Bush sought authority to wage preventive war against any force, including foreign nations, that he considered a threat. Meant that the United States would not simply respond to threats to its national security, as in the past, but would mount preventive military strikes whenever and wherever it seemed necessary to protect U.S. interests. Led to an immediate and appreciable rise in Bush's approval ratings. TYPE: Identifications 1 -1 Ralph Nader: Consumer rights advocate and Green Party candidate for president in 2000. Received less than 3 percent of the popular vote. TYPE: Identifications 1 -1 This question was duplicated in the printed copy of the test bank and has been deleted. To maintain the integrity of the numbering system between the printed copy and ExamView, this question has been marked “do not use on test” in ExamView’s question information dialog. Answer not provided. TYPE: Short Essays 1 -1 Characterize the first three years of the Clinton presidency--its goals and objectives in the areas of foreign and domestic policy. President Bill Clinton was elected on a platform that challenged many of the political programs of the Reagan-Bush era. He advocated increased government involvement in such areas as environmental regulation, economic stimulation, and health care. Despite trying to distance himself from the more liberal wing of the Democratic Party and from the label of "tax-and-spend liberal," Clinton still endorsed a stronger role for the federal government than his Republican predecessors had. On social issues, he pushed for gun control and supported measures that would remove some of the legal obstacles to abortions. In addition, he submitted budgets that held the line on spending and increased taxes on higher incomes. Even before the stunning election of a Republican-controlled Congress in 1994, Clinton's chances of promoting his domestic agenda grew increasingly slim, particularly when his plan for health-care reform died in Congress. In the area of foreign policy, Clinton proved more active, but often was accused of lacking a clear agenda. In some measure, this charge stemmed from his administration's need to develop policies attuned to the new complexities of a post-Cold War world. Many wondered, for example, under what conditions the United States should participate in the various "peacekeeping" missions--such as those in Somalia and Bosnia--that were being mounted by the United Nations and NATO. Clinton's most decisive move came in Haiti where he deployed a limited number of troops in September 1994 to topple a repressive military regime and restore the democratically elected president, Jean Bertrand Aristide. The main focus of Clinton's foreign policy came in the promotion of international economic growth through free-trade arrangements; with crucial Republican support, he secured Senate approval of the NAFTA agreement and pressed for a revision in tariff agreements. TYPE: Short Essays 1 -1