| A. | Overarching strategy of United States | ||
| 1. | Military goal was to focus on Europe first | ||
| a. | Contrary to goal of American public that wanted revenge on Japan | ||
| b. | Reasons for U.S. strategy | ||
| 2. | Use American money to defeat Hitler, but primarily European troops wherever possible | ||
| B. | U.S. strategy in Europe | ||
| 1. | Goal was to open up a second front | ||
| a. | Disagreement among Allies over where the second front should be | ||
| b. | United States favored European site; England favored a North African site | ||
| 2. | Heavy military aid to the Soviets | ||
| a. | Postwar vision called for a demilitarized Germany | ||
| b. | Consequences | ||
| C. | U.S. strategy in the Pacific | ||
| 1. | Goal was to push Japanese westward and out of Pacific islands | ||
| 2. | Employ China as fully as possible | ||
| 3. | Dismemberment of colonial empires | ||
| 4. | Development of a world market | ||
| A. | Background to U.S.-Soviet relations | ||
| 1. | FDR and assistance to the Soviets | ||
| a. | Recognition of mutual goals | ||
| b. | U.S. military aid to Soviets | ||
| 2. | Soviet suspicion of Allied strategy | ||
| a. | Failure to open a timely second front | ||
| b. | Choice of Italy over France | ||
| B. | Disagreement over eastern Europe | ||
| 1. | Allied powers hoped for independent Poland | ||
| a. | Allies wanted to control Soviet power | ||
| b. | American voters of eastern European descent wanted Soviet-free homelands | ||
| 2. | FDR and Churchill expressed concerns, but were willing to let Soviets control the East | ||
| a. | Idea of spheres of influence | ||
| b. | Wartime considerations | ||
| C. | Emergence of Truman | ||
| 1. | With death of FDR, Truman demanded a free Poland | ||
| a. | Soviets had no intention of allowing an "independent" Poland | ||
| b. | Truman broke off "lend-lease" | ||
| c. | Germany divided into separate military spheres | ||
| 2. | Consequences | ||
| A. | Background to labor's growing strength | ||
| 1. | Labor shortage during war | ||
| a. | Young men in military | ||
| b. | Shortage adds to labor's strength | ||
| 2. | Strengthening of labor-union movement | ||
| a. | Union membership rose by 50 percent | ||
| b. | Women accounted for 27 percent of labor membership | ||
| B. | New groups in labor | ||
| 1. | Women enter workforce in unprecedented numbers | ||
| a. | Paid lower wages than men in same jobs | ||
| b. | Labor unions unreceptive to women workers | ||
| 2. | African Americans also enter workforce | ||
| a. | Large-scale migration to northern cities | ||
| b. | Federal protection for black workers (rarely enforced) | ||
| C. | Organized labor's response to new workers | ||
| 1. | Mixed response on labor's part | ||
| a. | Women and blacks welcomed¾temporarily | ||
| b. | Full-scale union recognition given to neither | ||
| 2. | Consequences | ||
| A. | Isolationism | ||
| 1. | Public suspicions regarding World War I | ||
| 2. | Neutrality Acts of 1935, 1936, 1937 | ||
| 3. | Spanish Civil War | ||
| a. | Noninvolvement policy and its effects | ||
| b. | "Abraham Lincoln battalion" | ||
| B. | European and Asian aggression | ||
| 1. | Japanese invasion of China | ||
| a. | Panay incident | ||
| b. | Nanking | ||
| 2. | Creation of Axis alliance | ||
| 3. | Munich conference | ||
| 4. | Invasion of Poland, the war begins | ||
| C. | U.S. response to war | ||
| 1. | "Cash and carry" policy | ||
| 2. | Aid to the Allies | ||
| 3. | Preparations for war | ||
| 4. | Lend-lease Act | ||
| D. | End of neutrality | ||
| 1. | Signing of the Atlantic Charter | ||
| 2. | Undeclared naval war with Germany | ||
| 3. | Economic sanctions against Japan | ||
| 4. | Attack on Pearl Harbor | ||