<QUESTIONLIST> <QUESTION id='q1' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q2' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q3' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q4' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q5' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q6' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q7' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q8' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q9' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q10' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q11' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q12' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q13' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q14' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q15' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q16' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q17' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q18' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q19' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q20' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q21' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q22' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q23' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q24' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q25' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q26' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q27' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q28' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q29' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q30' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q31' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q32' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q33' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q34' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q35' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q36' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q37' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q38' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q39' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q40' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q41' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q42' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q43' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q44' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q45' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q46' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q47' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q48' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q49' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q50' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q51' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q52' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q53' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q54' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q55' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q56' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q57' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q58' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q59' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q60' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q61' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q62' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q63' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q64' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q65' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q66' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q67' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q68' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q69' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q70' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q71' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q72' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q73' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q74' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q75' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q76' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q77' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q78' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q79' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q80' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q81' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q82' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q83' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q84' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q85' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q86' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q87' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q88' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q89' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q90' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q91' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q92' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q93' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q94' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q95' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q96' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q97' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q98' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q99' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q100' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q101' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q102' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q103' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q104' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q105' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q106' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q107' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q108' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q109' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q110' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q111' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q112' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q113' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q114' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q115' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q116' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q117' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q118' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q119' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q120' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q121' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q122' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q123' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q124' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q125' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q126' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q127' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q128' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q129' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q130' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q131' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q132' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q133' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q134' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> </QUESTIONLIST> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q1'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The skyscraper]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q1_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[was a new kind of building.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q1_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[was made possible by the use of steel.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q1_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[needed electric-powered elevators.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q1_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[were impelled upward by rising real estate values.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q1_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[all of these choices]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q1_a4'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q2'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The skyscrapers celebrated which of the following?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q2_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[God]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q2_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[man]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q2_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[religion]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q2_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[faith]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q2_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[all of these choices]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q2_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q3'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[By 1900, Chicago pumped ____ million gallons of water a day with advancements to underground water supplies.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q3_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[50]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q3_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[100]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q3_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[150]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q3_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[250]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q3_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[500]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q3_a5'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q4'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[A major problem with waterworks in the large cities was]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q4_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[location of pipes.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q4_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[water contamination.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q4_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[quality of the pipes.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q4_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[reluctance of people to use the supply.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q4_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[all of these choices]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q4_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q5'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[All of the following are true of Chicago except]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q5_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[it was the fastest growing city in the U.S.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q5_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[it was one of the hardest to control.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q5_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the gap between the rich and the poor was large.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q5_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[it suffered from major disasters.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q5_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[it had no architects to adequately address major urban problems.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q5_a5'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q6'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The "White City" refers to which of the following?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q6_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[New York City]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q6_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Boston]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q6_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Chicago]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q6_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Charleston]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q6_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Memphis]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q6_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q7'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Racial issues were evident in the Columbian Exposition in which of the following ways?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q7_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[African American writers completely ignored the exposition.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q7_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The exposition completely erased the question of race in its design.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q7_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The exposition revealed unity and diversity of the U.S.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q7_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Fair organizers did not include African Americans.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q7_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[none of these choices]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q7_a4'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q8'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Most European immigrants who arrived between 1880 and 1914 came from]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q8_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[northern and western Europe.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q8_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[eastern and southern Europe.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q8_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Africa.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q8_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Asia.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q8_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Mexico.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q8_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q9'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[For the most part, native-born Americans viewed the "new immigrants" as]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q9_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[culturally sophisticated and racially fit.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q9_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[politically mature.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q9_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[groups who would enrich America's multicultural society.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q9_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[capable of assimilating to American traditions.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q9_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[racially inferior and culturally impoverished.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q9_a5'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q10'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The primary motivation for late-nineteenth-century immigration was]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q10_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[religious persecution.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q10_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[political persecution.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q10_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[economic hardship.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q10_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[forced migration.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q10_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[hardship caused by war.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q10_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q11'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The quintessential force in late-nineteenth-century city government was]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q11_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[city hall.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q11_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the political machine.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q11_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the political party.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q11_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the mayor.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q11_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the wealthy private citizen.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q11_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q12'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The largest number of migrants from 1860 to 1900 came from]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q12_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[England]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q12_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Ireland]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q12_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Germany]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q12_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Italy]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q12_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Scandinavia]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q12_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q13'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Of all the new migrants, the group with the least reason to return home would be]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q13_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The Russian Jewish population.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q13_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Chinese migrants.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q13_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Japanese migrants.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q13_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[German migrants.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q13_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Italian migrants.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q13_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q14'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[William "Big Bill" Haywood was the leader of which of the following unions?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q14_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[American Federation of Labor (AFL)]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q14_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO)]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q14_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q14_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Knights of Labor (K of L)]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q14_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[National Labor Union (NLU).]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q14_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q15'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The most popular form of entertainment in turn-of-the-century urban America was]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q15_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[baseball.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q15_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[vaudeville.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q15_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the movies.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q15_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[amusement parks.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q15_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[opera.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q15_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q16'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Most of those who worked and died at the Triangle Shirtwaist Company were]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q16_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[young males.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q16_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[young immigrant females.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q16_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[older men.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q16_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[children.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q16_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[middle age "old immigrant" women.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q16_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q17'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Robert Hunter estimated in 1904 that ____ percent of the Northern industrial population lived in poverty.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q17_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[5]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q17_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[10]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q17_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[15]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q17_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[20]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q17_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[25]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q17_a4'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q18'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The living conditions for most of the working class can best be described as]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q18_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[pleasant.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q18_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[squalid.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q18_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[spacious.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q18_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[sanitary.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q18_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[healthy.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q18_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q19'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[By 1920, the majority of workers in American cities were]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q19_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[highly skilled and well paid.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q19_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[women.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q19_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[immigrants.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q19_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[highly skilled and poorly paid.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q19_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[migrants from America's farms.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q19_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q20'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Bank of America originated in which ethnic middle class?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q20_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Russian Jewish]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q20_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[German]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q20_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[English]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q20_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Japanese]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q20_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Italian]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q20_a5'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q21'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Most African Americans were]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q21_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[landowners.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q21_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[businessmen.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q21_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[sharecroppers and tenant farmers.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q21_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[railroad contractors.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q21_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[none of these choices]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q21_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q22'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[America's first illegal aliens were]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q22_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Mexicans.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q22_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Puerto Ricans.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q22_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Italians.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q22_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Chinese and Japanese.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q22_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Canadians.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q22_a4'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q23'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[In African American communities one would find which of the following?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q23_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[funeral homes.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q23_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[newspapers.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q23_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[grocery stores.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q23_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[doctor's offices.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q23_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[all of these choices]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q23_a5'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q24'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Older middle-class Americans had a problem with Coney Island. That problem had to do with which of the following?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q24_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The pleasure working class Americans were affording themselves.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q24_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The fact that they could not control their worker's every moves.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q24_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The fact that young men and women were unchaperoned.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q24_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The rampant prostitution.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q24_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The fact that it was segregated.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q24_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q25'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[One of the new elements to the dime novels were]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q25_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[working class women.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q25_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[romance.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q25_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[fantasies.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q25_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[experience of immigration.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q25_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[domestic women.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q25_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q26'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[All of the following are true of women in this time period except]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q26_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[some women were calling for the release of women from domestic responsibilities.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q26_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[some women were denouncing marriage.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q26_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[some women were calling for full female freedom and equality.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q26_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[some women organized for woman suffrage.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q26_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[some women were championing for female leaders in Congress.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q26_a5'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q27'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The one element that seems to help explain the movement among women toward more equality appears to be the fact that]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q27_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the U.S. had more women in its population than men.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q27_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the rise of female writers were articulating their goals more frequently.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q27_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[more women were working now than before.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q27_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[men seemed more enlightened about the place of women in society.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q27_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[more men seemed willing to accept a greater role for women in government.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q27_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q28'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The Mann Act was passed to address which of the following social problems?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q28_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[poor housing]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q28_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[birth control]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q28_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[education]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q28_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[prostitution]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q28_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[sanitation]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q28_a4'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q29'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[In 1908, Israel Zangwill wrote a play encouraging]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q29_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[civil service reform and an elimination of party machines.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q29_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[feminism.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q29_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[assimilation by new immigrants.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q29_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the celebration of diversity.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q29_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[more women to go to work.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q29_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q30'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Horace Kallen was an early spokesman for]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q30_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[cultural pluralism and a celebration of ethnic difference in America.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q30_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the melting pot assimilation to American culture.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q30_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[feminism and working class women's labor movements.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q30_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[national woman suffrage.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q30_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[an end to child labor.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q30_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q31'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The idea of American's nationality being cosmopolitan was first discussed by which of the following?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q31_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Israel Zangwill]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q31_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Horace Kallen]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q31_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Margaret Sanger.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q31_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Theodore Roosevelt.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q31_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Randolph Bourne]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q31_a5'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q32'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The one thing feminism, pluralism and cosmopolitanism all had in common was]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q32_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[they all made Americans anxious.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q32_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[they would benefit all Americans equally.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q32_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[none of the presidents paid them much attention.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q32_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[they seem to be overlooked by most Americans.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q32_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[all of these choices]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q32_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q33'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Most of the "new immigrants"]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q33_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[intended to establish permanent homes and to become U.S. citizens.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q33_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[moved to the South to take advantage of industrial development there.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q33_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[immediately joined labor unions.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q33_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[hoped to work and save money in the United States and then to return to their homelands.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q33_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[bought farms.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q33_a4'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q34'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[All of the following were characteristics of urban life in the late nineteenth century except]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q34_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[city governments provided clean water and paved roads for the middle and upper classes.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q34_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[most city dwellers lived in overcrowded, unsanitary, disease-ridden tenements.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q34_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[ethnic minorities maintained their communal identity by establishing churches and fraternal societies.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q34_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[social classes and ethnic groups mixed freely in city housing areas.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q34_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[many working class families laced running water.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q34_a4'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q35'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[In the early twentieth century, the American middle class]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q35_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[did not include any significant numbers from ethnic groups.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q35_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[was entered into by significant numbers of Jewish manufacturers.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q35_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[slowed assimilation of ethnic groups.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q35_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[was entirely urban in nature.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q35_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[came to be dominated by ethnic groups.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q35_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q36'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The one major issue that all writers discussing nationality ignored was]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q36_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[race.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q36_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[class.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q36_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[gender.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q36_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[religion.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q36_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[immigrant status.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q36_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q37'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) was]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q37_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the largest labor union in the United States.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q37_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[a conservative craft union that advocated collective bargaining agreements.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q37_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[a revolutionary labor union that represented the poorest, most isolated workers.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q37_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[a semireligious organization that promoted class and racial harmony.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q37_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[opposed to the use of strikes.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q37_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q38'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Margaret Sanger crusaded for]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q38_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[birth control.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q38_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[free love.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q38_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[automation for of housekeeping chores.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q38_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[women's suffrage.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q38_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[all of these choices]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q38_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q39'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The political boss of Boston was]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q39_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA["King Richard" Croker.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q39_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Abe Ruef.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q39_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[James Michael Curley.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q39_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Tom Pendergast.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q39_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[James Duke.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q39_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q40'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[It is estimated in 1920 that the number of women who engaged in premarital sex was]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q40_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[less than 2 percent.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q40_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[10 percent.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q40_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[25 percent.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q40_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[40 percent.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q40_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[50 percent.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q40_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q41'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Chinese and Japanese immigrants]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q41_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[settled primarily in the South.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q41_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[worked primarily in the automobile industry.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q41_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[made up the majority of the urban workforce.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q41_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[were generally more prosperous than European immigrants.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q41_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[were ineligible for citizenship.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q41_a5'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q42'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The nation's first subways were constructed in]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q42_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[New York City.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q42_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Boston.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q42_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Philadelphia.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q42_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Chicago.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q42_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Trenton.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q42_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q43'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Most Japanese and Chinese immigrants came to America]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q43_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[to escape political oppression.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q43_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[to practice their religion freely.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q43_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[because of economic deprivation.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q43_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[because Americans welcomed them and treated them well.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q43_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[because of the bloody war between Japan and China.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q43_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q44'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which of the following is true about labor in the early twentieth century?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q44_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[French-Canadian immigrants and their children held one of every two jobs in New England's cotton textile industry.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q44_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Mexican and Filipino women and children formed a large part of the labor force in California's agricultural industry.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q44_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[First- and second-generation immigrants constituted more than 96 percent of the labor force that built and maintained the nation's railroads.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q44_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Of 750,000 Slovaks arriving in America before 1913, at least 600,000 went to work in the coal mines and steel mills of Pennsylvania.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q44_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[all of these choices.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q44_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q45'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Some Japanese immigrants achieved success as]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q45_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[small western farmers.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q45_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[railroad managers.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q45_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[politicians.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q45_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[garment factory owners.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q45_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[middle managers.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q45_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q46'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[As a result of the new emphasis on productivity in manufacturing,]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q46_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the United States had the world's highest rate of on-the-job injuries.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q46_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[most women and children could not compete and therefore lost their jobs.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q46_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the labor movement was undermined.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q46_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[fewer foreign immigrants applied for work in major industries.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q46_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[workers enjoyed safer working conditions.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q46_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q47'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[American vaudeville]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q47_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[grew out of antebellum minstrelsy.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q47_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[would be best described as song shows.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q47_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[had largely died out by 1900.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q47_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[initially catered to the wealthy, leisure class.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q47_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[never appealed to the respectable middle class.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q47_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q48'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Museums in the Gild Age worked the hardest to attract the attention of the]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q48_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[well-to-do.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q48_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[intellectual community.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q48_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[widest possible audience.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q48_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[female club members.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q48_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[working class.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q48_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q49'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The audience for novelist Laura Jane Libbey was mostly]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q49_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[men.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q49_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[working class.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q49_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[wealthy.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q49_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[southern.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q49_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[children.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q49_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q50'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which of the following is true about the 1893 Columbian Exhibition?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q50_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It was held in Philadelphia.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q50_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA["White City" was by far the most popular part of the fair.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q50_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It was a commercial flop.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q50_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It deliberately rejected displaying achievements by black Americans.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q50_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[all of these choices]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q50_a4'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q51'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Coney Island offered commercial amusements in a setting in which social mores were decidedly loosened.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q51_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q51_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q51_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q52'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Many immigrants between 1900 and 1914 returned to the land of their birth.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q52_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q52_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q52_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q53'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Employers tended to use black strikebreakers because they were sympathetic to their economic plight.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q53_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q53_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q53_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q54'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The black middle class tended to be smaller and more precarious than its counterpart in other ethnic communities.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q54_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q54_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q54_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q55'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The goal of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) was to overthrow the capitalist system.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q55_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q55_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q55_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q56'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Immigrants who came to the United States tended to do so regardless of whether or not they had friends or relatives already in the United States.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q56_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q56_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q56_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q57'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[By 1920, a majority of states prohibited child labor.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q57_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q57_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q57_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q58'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Most working families required two to three wage-earners in order to make ends meet.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q58_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q58_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q58_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q59'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[In the 1870s man American cities were walking cities where people lived within walking distance of work.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q59_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q59_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q59_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q60'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Skyscrapers were reaching to the sky but smaller and shorter than European cathedrals.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q60_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q60_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q60_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q61'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Between 1880 and 1920 the number of immigrants coming to the United States declined significantly.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q61_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q61_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q61_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q62'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Most of the "new" immigrants were women and children.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q62_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q62_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q62_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q63'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[By 1900, the average work week in American industry was fifty hours.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q63_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q63_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q63_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q64'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[There were big changes both above and below ground in the growing cities.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q64_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q64_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q64_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q65'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The least successful fair in American history was the Columbia Exposition.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q65_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q65_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q65_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q66'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The structure of the Columbia Exposition reinforced a racial hierarchy.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q66_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q66_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q66_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q67'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Few Americans attended the Columbia Exposition.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q67_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q67_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q67_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q68'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The typical workweek for steelworkers was more than 72 hours.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q68_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q68_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q68_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q69'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Most mass immigration to the United States after 1880 was propelled by economic hardship.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q69_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q69_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q69_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q70'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The "old" and "new" immigrants had nothing in common.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q70_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q70_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q70_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q71'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Many "new" immigrants rose to the prosperous ranks of skilled labor.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q71_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q71_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q71_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q72'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[By the early twentieth century, northern industrialists preferred to hire southern blacks over the "new immigrants."]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q72_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q72_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q72_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q73'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Al Capone was known as "the J.P. Morgan of the underworld."]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q73_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q73_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q73_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q74'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[By the early twentieth century, Japanese immigrants owned about 25 percent of California's total farm acreage.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q74_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q74_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q74_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q75'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Most Asian migrants came into the country through Ellis Island.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q75_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q75_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q75_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q76'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Man local politicians made money through graft.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q76_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q76_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q76_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q77'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Big city machines were both positive and negative forces in urban life.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q77_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q77_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q77_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q78'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[President John F. Kennedy's family was part of the party machine.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q78_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q78_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q78_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q79'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[More than half of the early films shown in American nickelodeons came from France, Germany, and Italy.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q79_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q79_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q79_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q80'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[This time period saw a great deal of government corruption and organized crime.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q80_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q80_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q80_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q81'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Women began to reinforce and support traditional ideas about sex and gender equality.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q81_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q81_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q81_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q82'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Most Irish immigrants did not return to their homeland.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q82_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q82_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q82_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q83'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The nation's racial climate was worsening.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q83_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q83_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q83_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q84'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Many advocates of free love and class warfare lived in Greenwich Village.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q84_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q84_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q84_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q85'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Labor and feminist militants were bitterly antagonistic to each other.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q85_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q85_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q85_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q86'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[African Americans were treated worse than new immigrants.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q86_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q86_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q86_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q87'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[In the early years of the movie industry the price of theater tickets was too high for the working classes of the cities to enjoy this new form of entertainment.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q87_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q87_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q87_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q88'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Horace Kallen reinforced the idea of assimilation.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q88_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q88_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q88_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q89'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The new kind of building in the city was the ____________________.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q89_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>skyscraper</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q90'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[In the 1870s, many cities were ____________________ cities where one did not need transportation.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q90_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>walking</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q91'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Contaminated water in Chicago gave way to a(n) ____________________ disease outbreak.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q91_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>typhoid</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q92'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The ____________________ were urban leaders who ran corrupt political machines that provided social welfare services for slum dwellers.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q92_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>city bosses</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q93'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The designer of Central Park was ____________________.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q93_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>Frederick Law Olmsted</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q94'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[____________________ was the first female movie sex symbol.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q94_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>Theda Bara</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q95'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Urban elites were drawn to architecture that had ____________________ influences.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q95_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>Italian Renaissance or Baroque</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q95_a2' position='2'> <TEXT>Italian Renaissance</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q95_a3' position='3'> <TEXT>Baroque</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q96'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The "white city" drew on ____________________ and ____________________ ancient civilizations.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q96_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>Greek, Roman</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q96_a2' position='2'> <TEXT>Roman, Greek</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q97'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The 1910 ____________________ Act prohibited the transportation of women across state lines for immoral purposes.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q97_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>Mann</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q98'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The fastest growing city was ____________________.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q98_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>Chicago</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q99'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The movement toward urban architectural renovation became known as ______________________________.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q99_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>The City Beautiful Movement</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q100'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[It is estimated that the proportion of women having sex before marriage rose from 10 percent to ____________________ percent in the generation that was coming of age between 1910 and 1920.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q100_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>25</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q101'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Cultural conservatism was ____________________ in those parts of the country least involved in the ongoing industrial and sexual revolutions.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q101_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>strongest</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q102'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[European migration accounted for ____________________ of the total migration.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q102_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>three-fourths</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q103'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Most European migration came from ____________________ Europe.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q103_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>Southern and Eastern</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q104'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Chronic fatigue and inadequate nourishment increased the risk of ____________________ or injury for workers.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q104_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>accident</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q105'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Israel Zangwill's most well known play was ____________________.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q105_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>Melting Pot</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q106'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The working class was overwhelmingly ethnic in all sections of the country except the ____________________.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q106_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>South</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q107'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[____________________ were among the first Europeans to emigrate to the United States after the 1880s.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q107_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>Village artisans</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q108'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[In 1900, the population density of New York's Lower East Side was ____________________ people per acre.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q108_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>700</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q109'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The ____________________ of 1913 prohibited the Japanese from owning property.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q109_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>Alien Land Law</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q110'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[____________________ was income politicians made outside of their salaries.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q110_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>graft</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q111'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[____________________ built a lucrative business from hair and skin lotions in the African American community.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q111_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>Madame C. J. Walker</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q112'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Amusement parks tended to attract the ____________________.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q112_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>working class</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q113'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[African Americans migrated to ____________________ areas in the north and south.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q113_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>industrial</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q114'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[In 1914 Greenwich Village radicals began publishing the artistic journal ____________________.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q114_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>The Masses</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q115'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[____________________ was the term used by women who desired full equality with men.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q115_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>feminism</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q116'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The group of immigrants least likely to want to return to their homeland was ____________________.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q116_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>Jews</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q117'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[In 1882, national legislation to limit immigration to the United States was directed at the ____________________ immigrants.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q117_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>Chinese</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q118'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Over 140 young Jewish and Italian women died in a fire caused by unsafe conditions in the ____________________ Company.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q118_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>Triangle Shirtwaist</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q119'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[<b>nickelodeons</b>]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q119_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Converted storefronts in working-class neighborhoods that showed early short silent films usually lasting 15 minutes, requiring little comprehension of English, and costing only a nickel to view.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q120'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[<b>walking cities</b>]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q120_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Compact residential areas near working districts with different income and ethnic groups living in close proximity.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q121'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[<b>Frederick Law Olmstead</b>]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q121_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Principal designer of Central Park in New York City.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q122'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[<b>cosmopolitanism</b>]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q122_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Ideal of American nationality developed by Randolph Bourne that encouraged creating new cultural forms from the combinations of peoples and cultures.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q123'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[<b>sweatshop</b>]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q123_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[small manufacturing plants where immigrants (mostly women and children) worked long hours for little pay. Most had inadequate lighting, heat, and ventilation.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q124'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[<b>graft</b>]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q124_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[term used to describe bribes paid to machine politicians by businessmen seeking contracts. By 1900, graft had become essential to day-to-day operations in most cities around the country. It also made local office holding a rich source of personal financial gain.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q125'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[<b>feminism</b>]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q125_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[term used to describe the desire for equality with men. Supported by diverse activists like Charlotte Perkins Gilman, who advocated collectivized housekeeping to free women from domestic chores; Margaret Sanger, who crusaded for birth control; Emma Goldman, who embraced the idea of free love, unburdened by contractual commitment; and Alice Paul, who worked on behalf of women's suffrage. Many feminists came together in Greenwich Village, where they organized a supportive community of artists, writers, and activists.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q126'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[<b>City Beautiful Movement</b>]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q126_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[A movement of urban architectural renovation.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q127'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[<b>political machines</b>]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q127_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Organizations that controlled local political parties and municipal governments through bribery, election fraud, and support of urban vice while providing some municipal services to the urban poor.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q128'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Describe the living and working conditions of immigrant laborers.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q128_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Most immigrants came to the United States with few of the skills needed in the more sophisticated or higher-paying industries, so they tended to take jobs that involved manual labor such as construction or mining. Different immigrant groups, depending on both training and opportunities, tended to focus on certain types of labor; for example, Italians dominated the construction industry, and Asians tended to work on the railroads. These types of work were not only low-paying but dangerous. Workers labored sixty hours per week and earned, on average, $500 per year. Because of prejudice and lack of opportunities, it was rare for immigrants to move into the ranks of skilled labor. Most immigrant families lived in one of the major urban areas and required two to three wage- earners in order to make ends meet. The majority of these families lived in tenement-type housing with few windows, no running water, and no sewage or electric services. Diseases such as diphtheria and typhoid ran rampant. Even with these adverse labor and living conditions, however, immigrant groups established institutions that created and strengthened their sense of community. Often tied to the church or to social groups, these community organizations sometimes were established first in immigrants' homelands and then were transplanted to America. Some, however, were created in America in response to the social needs of immigrants as they adjusted to their new lives.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q129'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Describe the developing urban African-American community at the turn of the century.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q129_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[As late as the 1890s, the overwhelming majority of African Americans in the United States lived in the rural South. Racial backlash, the development and implementation of "Jim Crow," and declining opportunities for blacks in almost all areas of economic life, however, led to the first major migration of African Americans out of the South. Beginning in 1890 and ending around 1910, about 200,000 blacks left the South for the North and West. Although northern states did not pass "Jim Crow" laws, opportunities were limited there as well, primarily because of racism. Indeed, intensifying discrimination at the turn of the century often made the life of African Americans in the cities worse than it had been at any time since before the Civil War. Northern urban blacks developed a variety of strategies in the struggle to strengthen their developing communities. The political machines and business consortiums that assisted with other ethnic groups were not available to the growing black middle class, black professionals, and black businessmen. The African-American community therefore turned inward, using its own political and religious social institutions to begin to help its own members. Although some blacks were able to achieve significant wealth, racial prejudice created boundaries that, for the average black American, were virtually impossible to overcome.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q130'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Examine the changes in amusements and in commercial entertainment at the turn of the century.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q130_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Changes in the location where people lived, as well as where they worked, brought about significant changes in their amusements. Movies were by far the most popular form of entertainment, ideal for people who had little free time, no extra money, and did not speak English. Nickelodeons, where fifteen-minute silent films were shown, dominated the working-class neighborhoods. Before the period of censorship, the themes of these films tended to be far more adventuresome (more thought-provoking, sexual in nature, and dismal than the films of a generation later) and, in this way, responded to the demands of the audience. Also popular and relatively inexpensive were the amusement parks (such as Coney Island), dance halls, vaudeville theaters, and, especially, ball parks. Not only were the working-class demands for entertainment changing, but so too were the demands of the middle and upper classes changing. Increasingly popular were college sports, with football (particularly in the Ivy League) leading the way.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q131'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Examine the changing sexual mores and attitudes toward women in the period from 1890 to 1920.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q131_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[During most of the Victorian era the "appropriate" role of women was that of homemaker and child bearer. Women were not supposed to work outside the home, participate in politics, or enjoy sex. Urbanization and industrialization opened new opportunities for women and eroded the traditional views of acceptable behavior. Increasing numbers of young, single women entered the workforce as industrial and clerical workers, achieved a degree of economic independence, and experienced social freedom. Motion pictures stimulated romantic fantasies and encouraged intimacies by presenting images of glamorous modern women. Film stars such as Theda Bara defied convention and invited others to do the same. Reformers interjected birth control, women's suffrage, and other female issues into the political arena. While conservatives decried the decline of morals and the destruction of the family, the "new women" struggled to create a role for themselves that fit somewhere in between the two extremes of the housebound wife/mother and the sexually liberated and predatory "vamp."]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q132'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Describe the rise of corrupt party machines and organized crime in urban America.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q132_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Public officials known as "city bosses" rose to power by creating well-organized political machines that provided minimal social programs for the inner-city poor. The city bosses profited from graft and kickbacks, participated in ballot-box stuffing and voter fraud, intimidated city employees and political opponents, and protected criminals. In return for support at the polls, the machine politicians did favors and often served as vehicles of economic and social advancement for immigrants and other slum dwellers. President John F. Kennedy's grandfathers, John Francis Fitzgerald and Patrick Joseph Kennedy, were examples of Irish immigrants who made fortunes and improved the social status of their families through participation in machine politics. Many of the political bosses were closely allied with big city gangsters. In the Italian, Jewish, Irish, and Chinese ethnic communities local criminals organized gangs that extorted money from legitimate businessmen, controlled prostitution and gambling, and bribed the police and other city officials. Like the machine politicians, the gangsters saw themselves as enterprising American businessmen who simply were achieving success in the expanding capitalist economy of the period.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q133'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Explore the causes and patterns of immigration during the period 1890-1920.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q133_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Essay should address several key points:<br><div style="font-size:2pt"></div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%" border="0"><tr valign="top"><td>A.</td><td colspan="3">Origins of immigrants</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>1.</td><td colspan="2">Most from eastern and southern Europe</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td> </td><td>a.</td><td>23 million between 1880 and 1914</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td> </td><td>b.</td><td>Met resistance from native-born Americans</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>2.</td><td colspan="2">Several hundred thousand from Asia</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td>B.</td><td colspan="3">Causes of immigration</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>1.</td><td colspan="2">Socioeconomic causes</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td> </td><td>a.</td><td>Most left because of economic hardship</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td> </td><td>b.</td><td>Promise of better life (high wages) in United States</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>2.</td><td colspan="2">Political reasons</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td> </td><td>a.</td><td>Labor militants (England, Germany)</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td> </td><td>b.</td><td>Socialists (Germany, Italy)</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>3.</td><td colspan="2">Religious persecution</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td> </td><td>a.</td><td>Russian Jews</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td> </td><td>b.</td><td>Consequences</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td>C.</td><td colspan="3">Patterns of immigration</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>1.</td><td colspan="2">Viewed stay in America as temporary</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td> </td><td>a.</td><td>Single men left families in home country</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td> </td><td>b.</td><td>Many returned to home country</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>2.</td><td colspan="2">World War I preempts return for immigrants</td></tr><tr height="0" style="border:none"><td width="7%"></td><td width="7%"></td><td width="6%"></td><td width="80%"></td></tr></table>]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q134'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Discuss the changing views of the role of women in U.S. society and the emergence of the women's rights movement in the period 1900 to 1920.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q134_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Essay should address several key points:<br><div style="font-size:2pt"></div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%" border="0"><tr valign="top"><td>A.</td><td colspan="2">Changing roles</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>1.</td><td>Victorian "separate spheres"</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>2.</td><td>Increase in number of working-class women in workforce</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>3.</td><td>Shift from domestic to industrial and clerical jobs</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>4.</td><td>Influence of social freedom and popular entertainment</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td>B.</td><td colspan="2">Feminist leaders and issues</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>1.</td><td>Charlotte Perkins Gilman<span style="font-family:'Symbol'">¾</span>collectivized housekeeping</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>2.</td><td>Margaret Sanger<span style="font-family:'Symbol'">¾</span>birth control</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>3.</td><td>Emma Goldman<span style="font-family:'Symbol'">¾</span>free love</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>4.</td><td>Alice Paul<span style="font-family:'Symbol'">¾</span>woman suffrage</td></tr><tr height="0" style="border:none"><td width="7%"></td><td width="7%"></td><td width="86%"></td></tr></table>]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION

<QUESTIONLIST> <QUESTION id='q1' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q2' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q3' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q4' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q5' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q6' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q7' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q8' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q9' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q10' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q11' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q12' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q13' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q14' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q15' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q16' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q17' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q18' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q19' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q20' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q21' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q22' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q23' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q24' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q25' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q26' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q27' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q28' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q29' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q30' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q31' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q32' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q33' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q34' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q35' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q36' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q37' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q38' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q39' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q40' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q41' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q42' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q43' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q44' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q45' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q46' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q47' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q48' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q49' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q50' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q51' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q52' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q53' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q54' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q55' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q56' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q57' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q58' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q59' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q60' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q61' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q62' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q63' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q64' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q65' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q66' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q67' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q68' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q69' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q70' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q71' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q72' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q73' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q74' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q75' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q76' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q77' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q78' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q79' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q80' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q81' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q82' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q83' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q84' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q85' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q86' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q87' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q88' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q89' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q90' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q91' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q92' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q93' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q94' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q95' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q96' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q97' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q98' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q99' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q100' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q101' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q102' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q103' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q104' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q105' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q106' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q107' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q108' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q109' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q110' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q111' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q112' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q113' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q114' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q115' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q116' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q117' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q118' class='QUESTION_FILLINBLANK' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q119' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q120' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q121' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q122' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q123' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q124' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q125' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q126' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q127' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q128' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q129' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q130' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q131' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q132' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q133' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q134' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> </QUESTIONLIST> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q1'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The skyscraper]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q1_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[was a new kind of building.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q1_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[was made possible by the use of steel.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q1_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[needed electric-powered elevators.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q1_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[were impelled upward by rising real estate values.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q1_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[all of these choices]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q1_a4'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q2'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The skyscrapers celebrated which of the following?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q2_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[God]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q2_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[man]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q2_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[religion]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q2_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[faith]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q2_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[all of these choices]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q2_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q3'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[By 1900, Chicago pumped ____ million gallons of water a day with advancements to underground water supplies.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q3_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[50]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q3_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[100]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q3_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[150]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q3_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[250]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q3_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[500]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q3_a5'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q4'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[A major problem with waterworks in the large cities was]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q4_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[location of pipes.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q4_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[water contamination.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q4_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[quality of the pipes.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q4_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[reluctance of people to use the supply.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q4_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[all of these choices]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q4_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q5'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[All of the following are true of Chicago except]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q5_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[it was the fastest growing city in the U.S.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q5_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[it was one of the hardest to control.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q5_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the gap between the rich and the poor was large.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q5_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[it suffered from major disasters.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q5_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[it had no architects to adequately address major urban problems.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q5_a5'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q6'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The "White City" refers to which of the following?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q6_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[New York City]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q6_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Boston]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q6_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Chicago]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q6_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Charleston]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q6_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Memphis]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q6_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q7'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Racial issues were evident in the Columbian Exposition in which of the following ways?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q7_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[African American writers completely ignored the exposition.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q7_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The exposition completely erased the question of race in its design.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q7_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The exposition revealed unity and diversity of the U.S.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q7_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Fair organizers did not include African Americans.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q7_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[none of these choices]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q7_a4'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q8'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Most European immigrants who arrived between 1880 and 1914 came from]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q8_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[northern and western Europe.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q8_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[eastern and southern Europe.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q8_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Africa.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q8_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Asia.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q8_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Mexico.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q8_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q9'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[For the most part, native-born Americans viewed the "new immigrants" as]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q9_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[culturally sophisticated and racially fit.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q9_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[politically mature.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q9_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[groups who would enrich America's multicultural society.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q9_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[capable of assimilating to American traditions.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q9_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[racially inferior and culturally impoverished.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q9_a5'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q10'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The primary motivation for late-nineteenth-century immigration was]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q10_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[religious persecution.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q10_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[political persecution.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q10_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[economic hardship.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q10_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[forced migration.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q10_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[hardship caused by war.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q10_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q11'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The quintessential force in late-nineteenth-century city government was]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q11_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[city hall.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q11_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the political machine.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q11_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the political party.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q11_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the mayor.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q11_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the wealthy private citizen.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q11_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q12'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The largest number of migrants from 1860 to 1900 came from]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q12_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[England]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q12_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Ireland]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q12_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Germany]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q12_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Italy]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q12_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Scandinavia]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q12_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q13'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Of all the new migrants, the group with the least reason to return home would be]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q13_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The Russian Jewish population.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q13_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Chinese migrants.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q13_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Japanese migrants.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q13_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[German migrants.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q13_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Italian migrants.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q13_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q14'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[William "Big Bill" Haywood was the leader of which of the following unions?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q14_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[American Federation of Labor (AFL)]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q14_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO)]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q14_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q14_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Knights of Labor (K of L)]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q14_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[National Labor Union (NLU).]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q14_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q15'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The most popular form of entertainment in turn-of-the-century urban America was]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q15_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[baseball.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q15_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[vaudeville.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q15_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the movies.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q15_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[amusement parks.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q15_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[opera.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q15_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q16'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Most of those who worked and died at the Triangle Shirtwaist Company were]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q16_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[young males.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q16_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[young immigrant females.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q16_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[older men.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q16_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[children.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q16_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[middle age "old immigrant" women.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q16_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q17'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Robert Hunter estimated in 1904 that ____ percent of the Northern industrial population lived in poverty.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q17_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[5]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q17_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[10]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q17_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[15]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q17_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[20]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q17_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[25]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q17_a4'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q18'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The living conditions for most of the working class can best be described as]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q18_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[pleasant.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q18_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[squalid.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q18_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[spacious.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q18_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[sanitary.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q18_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[healthy.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q18_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q19'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[By 1920, the majority of workers in American cities were]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q19_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[highly skilled and well paid.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q19_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[women.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q19_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[immigrants.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q19_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[highly skilled and poorly paid.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q19_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[migrants from America's farms.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q19_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q20'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Bank of America originated in which ethnic middle class?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q20_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Russian Jewish]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q20_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[German]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q20_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[English]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q20_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Japanese]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q20_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Italian]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q20_a5'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q21'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Most African Americans were]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q21_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[landowners.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q21_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[businessmen.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q21_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[sharecroppers and tenant farmers.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q21_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[railroad contractors.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q21_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[none of these choices]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q21_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q22'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[America's first illegal aliens were]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q22_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Mexicans.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q22_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Puerto Ricans.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q22_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Italians.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q22_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Chinese and Japanese.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q22_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Canadians.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q22_a4'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q23'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[In African American communities one would find which of the following?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q23_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[funeral homes.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q23_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[newspapers.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q23_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[grocery stores.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q23_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[doctor's offices.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q23_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[all of these choices]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q23_a5'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q24'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Older middle-class Americans had a problem with Coney Island. That problem had to do with which of the following?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q24_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The pleasure working class Americans were affording themselves.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q24_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The fact that they could not control their worker's every moves.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q24_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The fact that young men and women were unchaperoned.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q24_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The rampant prostitution.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q24_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The fact that it was segregated.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q24_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q25'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[One of the new elements to the dime novels were]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q25_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[working class women.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q25_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[romance.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q25_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[fantasies.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q25_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[experience of immigration.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q25_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[domestic women.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q25_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q26'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[All of the following are true of women in this time period except]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q26_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[some women were calling for the release of women from domestic responsibilities.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q26_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[some women were denouncing marriage.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q26_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[some women were calling for full female freedom and equality.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q26_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[some women organized for woman suffrage.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q26_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[some women were championing for female leaders in Congress.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q26_a5'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q27'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The one element that seems to help explain the movement among women toward more equality appears to be the fact that]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q27_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the U.S. had more women in its population than men.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q27_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the rise of female writers were articulating their goals more frequently.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q27_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[more women were working now than before.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q27_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[men seemed more enlightened about the place of women in society.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q27_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[more men seemed willing to accept a greater role for women in government.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q27_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q28'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The Mann Act was passed to address which of the following social problems?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q28_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[poor housing]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q28_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[birth control]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q28_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[education]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q28_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[prostitution]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q28_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[sanitation]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q28_a4'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q29'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[In 1908, Israel Zangwill wrote a play encouraging]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q29_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[civil service reform and an elimination of party machines.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q29_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[feminism.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q29_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[assimilation by new immigrants.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q29_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the celebration of diversity.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q29_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[more women to go to work.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q29_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q30'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Horace Kallen was an early spokesman for]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q30_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[cultural pluralism and a celebration of ethnic difference in America.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q30_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the melting pot assimilation to American culture.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q30_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[feminism and working class women's labor movements.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q30_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[national woman suffrage.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q30_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[an end to child labor.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q30_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q31'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The idea of American's nationality being cosmopolitan was first discussed by which of the following?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q31_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Israel Zangwill]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q31_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Horace Kallen]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q31_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Margaret Sanger.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q31_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Theodore Roosevelt.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q31_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Randolph Bourne]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q31_a5'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q32'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The one thing feminism, pluralism and cosmopolitanism all had in common was]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q32_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[they all made Americans anxious.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q32_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[they would benefit all Americans equally.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q32_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[none of the presidents paid them much attention.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q32_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[they seem to be overlooked by most Americans.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q32_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[all of these choices]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q32_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q33'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Most of the "new immigrants"]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q33_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[intended to establish permanent homes and to become U.S. citizens.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q33_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[moved to the South to take advantage of industrial development there.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q33_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[immediately joined labor unions.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q33_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[hoped to work and save money in the United States and then to return to their homelands.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q33_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[bought farms.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q33_a4'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q34'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[All of the following were characteristics of urban life in the late nineteenth century except]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q34_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[city governments provided clean water and paved roads for the middle and upper classes.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q34_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[most city dwellers lived in overcrowded, unsanitary, disease-ridden tenements.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q34_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[ethnic minorities maintained their communal identity by establishing churches and fraternal societies.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q34_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[social classes and ethnic groups mixed freely in city housing areas.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q34_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[many working class families laced running water.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q34_a4'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q35'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[In the early twentieth century, the American middle class]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q35_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[did not include any significant numbers from ethnic groups.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q35_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[was entered into by significant numbers of Jewish manufacturers.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q35_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[slowed assimilation of ethnic groups.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q35_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[was entirely urban in nature.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q35_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[came to be dominated by ethnic groups.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q35_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q36'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The one major issue that all writers discussing nationality ignored was]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q36_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[race.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q36_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[class.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q36_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[gender.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q36_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[religion.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q36_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[immigrant status.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q36_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q37'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) was]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q37_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the largest labor union in the United States.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q37_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[a conservative craft union that advocated collective bargaining agreements.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q37_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[a revolutionary labor union that represented the poorest, most isolated workers.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q37_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[a semireligious organization that promoted class and racial harmony.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q37_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[opposed to the use of strikes.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q37_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q38'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Margaret Sanger crusaded for]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q38_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[birth control.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q38_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[free love.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q38_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[automation for of housekeeping chores.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q38_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[women's suffrage.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q38_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[all of these choices]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q38_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q39'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The political boss of Boston was]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q39_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA["King Richard" Croker.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q39_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Abe Ruef.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q39_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[James Michael Curley.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q39_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Tom Pendergast.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q39_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[James Duke.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q39_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q40'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[It is estimated in 1920 that the number of women who engaged in premarital sex was]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q40_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[less than 2 percent.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q40_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[10 percent.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q40_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[25 percent.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q40_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[40 percent.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q40_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[50 percent.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q40_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q41'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Chinese and Japanese immigrants]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q41_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[settled primarily in the South.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q41_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[worked primarily in the automobile industry.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q41_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[made up the majority of the urban workforce.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q41_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[were generally more prosperous than European immigrants.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q41_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[were ineligible for citizenship.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q41_a5'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q42'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The nation's first subways were constructed in]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q42_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[New York City.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q42_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Boston.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q42_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Philadelphia.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q42_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Chicago.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q42_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Trenton.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q42_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q43'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Most Japanese and Chinese immigrants came to America]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q43_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[to escape political oppression.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q43_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[to practice their religion freely.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q43_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[because of economic deprivation.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q43_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[because Americans welcomed them and treated them well.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q43_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[because of the bloody war between Japan and China.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q43_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q44'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which of the following is true about labor in the early twentieth century?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q44_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[French-Canadian immigrants and their children held one of every two jobs in New England's cotton textile industry.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q44_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Mexican and Filipino women and children formed a large part of the labor force in California's agricultural industry.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q44_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[First- and second-generation immigrants constituted more than 96 percent of the labor force that built and maintained the nation's railroads.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q44_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Of 750,000 Slovaks arriving in America before 1913, at least 600,000 went to work in the coal mines and steel mills of Pennsylvania.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q44_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[all of these choices.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q44_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q45'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Some Japanese immigrants achieved success as]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q45_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[small western farmers.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q45_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[railroad managers.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q45_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[politicians.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q45_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[garment factory owners.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q45_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[middle managers.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q45_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q46'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[As a result of the new emphasis on productivity in manufacturing,]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q46_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the United States had the world's highest rate of on-the-job injuries.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q46_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[most women and children could not compete and therefore lost their jobs.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q46_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the labor movement was undermined.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q46_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[fewer foreign immigrants applied for work in major industries.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q46_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[workers enjoyed safer working conditions.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q46_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q47'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[American vaudeville]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q47_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[grew out of antebellum minstrelsy.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q47_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[would be best described as song shows.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q47_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[had largely died out by 1900.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q47_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[initially catered to the wealthy, leisure class.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q47_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[never appealed to the respectable middle class.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q47_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q48'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Museums in the Gild Age worked the hardest to attract the attention of the]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q48_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[well-to-do.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q48_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[intellectual community.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q48_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[widest possible audience.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q48_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[female club members.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q48_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[working class.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q48_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q49'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The audience for novelist Laura Jane Libbey was mostly]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q49_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[men.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q49_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[working class.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q49_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[wealthy.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q49_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[southern.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q49_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[children.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q49_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q50'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which of the following is true about the 1893 Columbian Exhibition?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q50_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It was held in Philadelphia.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q50_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA["White City" was by far the most popular part of the fair.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q50_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It was a commercial flop.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q50_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It deliberately rejected displaying achievements by black Americans.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q50_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[all of these choices]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q50_a4'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q51'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Coney Island offered commercial amusements in a setting in which social mores were decidedly loosened.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q51_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q51_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q51_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q52'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Many immigrants between 1900 and 1914 returned to the land of their birth.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q52_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q52_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q52_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q53'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Employers tended to use black strikebreakers because they were sympathetic to their economic plight.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q53_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q53_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q53_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q54'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The black middle class tended to be smaller and more precarious than its counterpart in other ethnic communities.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q54_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q54_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q54_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q55'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The goal of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) was to overthrow the capitalist system.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q55_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q55_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q55_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q56'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Immigrants who came to the United States tended to do so regardless of whether or not they had friends or relatives already in the United States.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q56_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q56_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q56_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q57'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[By 1920, a majority of states prohibited child labor.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q57_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q57_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q57_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q58'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Most working families required two to three wage-earners in order to make ends meet.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q58_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q58_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q58_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q59'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[In the 1870s man American cities were walking cities where people lived within walking distance of work.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q59_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q59_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q59_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q60'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Skyscrapers were reaching to the sky but smaller and shorter than European cathedrals.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q60_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q60_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q60_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q61'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Between 1880 and 1920 the number of immigrants coming to the United States declined significantly.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q61_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q61_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q61_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q62'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Most of the "new" immigrants were women and children.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q62_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q62_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q62_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q63'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[By 1900, the average work week in American industry was fifty hours.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q63_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q63_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q63_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q64'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[There were big changes both above and below ground in the growing cities.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q64_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q64_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q64_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q65'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The least successful fair in American history was the Columbia Exposition.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q65_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q65_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q65_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q66'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The structure of the Columbia Exposition reinforced a racial hierarchy.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q66_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q66_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q66_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q67'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Few Americans attended the Columbia Exposition.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q67_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q67_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q67_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q68'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The typical workweek for steelworkers was more than 72 hours.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q68_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q68_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q68_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q69'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Most mass immigration to the United States after 1880 was propelled by economic hardship.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q69_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q69_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q69_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q70'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The "old" and "new" immigrants had nothing in common.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q70_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q70_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q70_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q71'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Many "new" immigrants rose to the prosperous ranks of skilled labor.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q71_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q71_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q71_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q72'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[By the early twentieth century, northern industrialists preferred to hire southern blacks over the "new immigrants."]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q72_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q72_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q72_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q73'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Al Capone was known as "the J.P. Morgan of the underworld."]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q73_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q73_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q73_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q74'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[By the early twentieth century, Japanese immigrants owned about 25 percent of California's total farm acreage.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q74_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q74_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q74_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q75'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Most Asian migrants came into the country through Ellis Island.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q75_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q75_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q75_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q76'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Man local politicians made money through graft.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q76_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q76_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q76_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q77'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Big city machines were both positive and negative forces in urban life.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q77_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q77_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q77_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q78'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[President John F. Kennedy's family was part of the party machine.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q78_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q78_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q78_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q79'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[More than half of the early films shown in American nickelodeons came from France, Germany, and Italy.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q79_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q79_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q79_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q80'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[This time period saw a great deal of government corruption and organized crime.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q80_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q80_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q80_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q81'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Women began to reinforce and support traditional ideas about sex and gender equality.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q81_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q81_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q81_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q82'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Most Irish immigrants did not return to their homeland.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q82_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q82_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q82_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q83'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The nation's racial climate was worsening.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q83_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q83_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q83_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q84'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Many advocates of free love and class warfare lived in Greenwich Village.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q84_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q84_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q84_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q85'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Labor and feminist militants were bitterly antagonistic to each other.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q85_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q85_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q85_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q86'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[African Americans were treated worse than new immigrants.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q86_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q86_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q86_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q87'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[In the early years of the movie industry the price of theater tickets was too high for the working classes of the cities to enjoy this new form of entertainment.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q87_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q87_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q87_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q88'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Horace Kallen reinforced the idea of assimilation.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q88_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q88_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q88_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q89'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The new kind of building in the city was the ____________________.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q89_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>skyscraper</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q90'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[In the 1870s, many cities were ____________________ cities where one did not need transportation.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q90_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>walking</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q91'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Contaminated water in Chicago gave way to a(n) ____________________ disease outbreak.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q91_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>typhoid</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q92'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The ____________________ were urban leaders who ran corrupt political machines that provided social welfare services for slum dwellers.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q92_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>city bosses</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q93'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The designer of Central Park was ____________________.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q93_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>Frederick Law Olmsted</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q94'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[____________________ was the first female movie sex symbol.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q94_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>Theda Bara</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q95'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Urban elites were drawn to architecture that had ____________________ influences.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q95_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>Italian Renaissance or Baroque</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q95_a2' position='2'> <TEXT>Italian Renaissance</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q95_a3' position='3'> <TEXT>Baroque</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q96'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The "white city" drew on ____________________ and ____________________ ancient civilizations.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q96_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>Greek, Roman</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q96_a2' position='2'> <TEXT>Roman, Greek</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q97'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The 1910 ____________________ Act prohibited the transportation of women across state lines for immoral purposes.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q97_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>Mann</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q98'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The fastest growing city was ____________________.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q98_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>Chicago</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q99'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The movement toward urban architectural renovation became known as ______________________________.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q99_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>The City Beautiful Movement</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q100'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[It is estimated that the proportion of women having sex before marriage rose from 10 percent to ____________________ percent in the generation that was coming of age between 1910 and 1920.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q100_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>25</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q101'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Cultural conservatism was ____________________ in those parts of the country least involved in the ongoing industrial and sexual revolutions.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q101_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>strongest</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q102'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[European migration accounted for ____________________ of the total migration.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q102_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>three-fourths</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q103'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Most European migration came from ____________________ Europe.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q103_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>Southern and Eastern</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q104'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Chronic fatigue and inadequate nourishment increased the risk of ____________________ or injury for workers.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q104_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>accident</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q105'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Israel Zangwill's most well known play was ____________________.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q105_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>Melting Pot</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q106'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The working class was overwhelmingly ethnic in all sections of the country except the ____________________.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q106_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>South</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q107'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[____________________ were among the first Europeans to emigrate to the United States after the 1880s.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q107_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>Village artisans</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q108'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[In 1900, the population density of New York's Lower East Side was ____________________ people per acre.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q108_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>700</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q109'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The ____________________ of 1913 prohibited the Japanese from owning property.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q109_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>Alien Land Law</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q110'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[____________________ was income politicians made outside of their salaries.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q110_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>graft</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q111'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[____________________ built a lucrative business from hair and skin lotions in the African American community.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q111_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>Madame C. J. Walker</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q112'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Amusement parks tended to attract the ____________________.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q112_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>working class</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q113'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[African Americans migrated to ____________________ areas in the north and south.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q113_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>industrial</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q114'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[In 1914 Greenwich Village radicals began publishing the artistic journal ____________________.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q114_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>The Masses</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q115'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[____________________ was the term used by women who desired full equality with men.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q115_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>feminism</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q116'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The group of immigrants least likely to want to return to their homeland was ____________________.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q116_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>Jews</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q117'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[In 1882, national legislation to limit immigration to the United States was directed at the ____________________ immigrants.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q117_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>Chinese</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_FILLINBLANK id='q118'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Over 140 young Jewish and Italian women died in a fire caused by unsafe conditions in the ____________________ Company.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q118_a1' position='1'> <TEXT>Triangle Shirtwaist</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_FILLINBLANK> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q119'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[<b>nickelodeons</b>]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q119_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Converted storefronts in working-class neighborhoods that showed early short silent films usually lasting 15 minutes, requiring little comprehension of English, and costing only a nickel to view.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q120'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[<b>walking cities</b>]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q120_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Compact residential areas near working districts with different income and ethnic groups living in close proximity.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q121'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[<b>Frederick Law Olmstead</b>]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q121_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Principal designer of Central Park in New York City.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q122'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[<b>cosmopolitanism</b>]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q122_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Ideal of American nationality developed by Randolph Bourne that encouraged creating new cultural forms from the combinations of peoples and cultures.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q123'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[<b>sweatshop</b>]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q123_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[small manufacturing plants where immigrants (mostly women and children) worked long hours for little pay. Most had inadequate lighting, heat, and ventilation.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q124'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[<b>graft</b>]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q124_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[term used to describe bribes paid to machine politicians by businessmen seeking contracts. By 1900, graft had become essential to day-to-day operations in most cities around the country. It also made local office holding a rich source of personal financial gain.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q125'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[<b>feminism</b>]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q125_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[term used to describe the desire for equality with men. Supported by diverse activists like Charlotte Perkins Gilman, who advocated collectivized housekeeping to free women from domestic chores; Margaret Sanger, who crusaded for birth control; Emma Goldman, who embraced the idea of free love, unburdened by contractual commitment; and Alice Paul, who worked on behalf of women's suffrage. Many feminists came together in Greenwich Village, where they organized a supportive community of artists, writers, and activists.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q126'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[<b>City Beautiful Movement</b>]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q126_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[A movement of urban architectural renovation.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q127'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[<b>political machines</b>]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q127_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Organizations that controlled local political parties and municipal governments through bribery, election fraud, and support of urban vice while providing some municipal services to the urban poor.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q128'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Describe the living and working conditions of immigrant laborers.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q128_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Most immigrants came to the United States with few of the skills needed in the more sophisticated or higher-paying industries, so they tended to take jobs that involved manual labor such as construction or mining. Different immigrant groups, depending on both training and opportunities, tended to focus on certain types of labor; for example, Italians dominated the construction industry, and Asians tended to work on the railroads. These types of work were not only low-paying but dangerous. Workers labored sixty hours per week and earned, on average, $500 per year. Because of prejudice and lack of opportunities, it was rare for immigrants to move into the ranks of skilled labor. Most immigrant families lived in one of the major urban areas and required two to three wage- earners in order to make ends meet. The majority of these families lived in tenement-type housing with few windows, no running water, and no sewage or electric services. Diseases such as diphtheria and typhoid ran rampant. Even with these adverse labor and living conditions, however, immigrant groups established institutions that created and strengthened their sense of community. Often tied to the church or to social groups, these community organizations sometimes were established first in immigrants' homelands and then were transplanted to America. Some, however, were created in America in response to the social needs of immigrants as they adjusted to their new lives.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q129'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Describe the developing urban African-American community at the turn of the century.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q129_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[As late as the 1890s, the overwhelming majority of African Americans in the United States lived in the rural South. Racial backlash, the development and implementation of "Jim Crow," and declining opportunities for blacks in almost all areas of economic life, however, led to the first major migration of African Americans out of the South. Beginning in 1890 and ending around 1910, about 200,000 blacks left the South for the North and West. Although northern states did not pass "Jim Crow" laws, opportunities were limited there as well, primarily because of racism. Indeed, intensifying discrimination at the turn of the century often made the life of African Americans in the cities worse than it had been at any time since before the Civil War. Northern urban blacks developed a variety of strategies in the struggle to strengthen their developing communities. The political machines and business consortiums that assisted with other ethnic groups were not available to the growing black middle class, black professionals, and black businessmen. The African-American community therefore turned inward, using its own political and religious social institutions to begin to help its own members. Although some blacks were able to achieve significant wealth, racial prejudice created boundaries that, for the average black American, were virtually impossible to overcome.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q130'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Examine the changes in amusements and in commercial entertainment at the turn of the century.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q130_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Changes in the location where people lived, as well as where they worked, brought about significant changes in their amusements. Movies were by far the most popular form of entertainment, ideal for people who had little free time, no extra money, and did not speak English. Nickelodeons, where fifteen-minute silent films were shown, dominated the working-class neighborhoods. Before the period of censorship, the themes of these films tended to be far more adventuresome (more thought-provoking, sexual in nature, and dismal than the films of a generation later) and, in this way, responded to the demands of the audience. Also popular and relatively inexpensive were the amusement parks (such as Coney Island), dance halls, vaudeville theaters, and, especially, ball parks. Not only were the working-class demands for entertainment changing, but so too were the demands of the middle and upper classes changing. Increasingly popular were college sports, with football (particularly in the Ivy League) leading the way.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q131'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Examine the changing sexual mores and attitudes toward women in the period from 1890 to 1920.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q131_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[During most of the Victorian era the "appropriate" role of women was that of homemaker and child bearer. Women were not supposed to work outside the home, participate in politics, or enjoy sex. Urbanization and industrialization opened new opportunities for women and eroded the traditional views of acceptable behavior. Increasing numbers of young, single women entered the workforce as industrial and clerical workers, achieved a degree of economic independence, and experienced social freedom. Motion pictures stimulated romantic fantasies and encouraged intimacies by presenting images of glamorous modern women. Film stars such as Theda Bara defied convention and invited others to do the same. Reformers interjected birth control, women's suffrage, and other female issues into the political arena. While conservatives decried the decline of morals and the destruction of the family, the "new women" struggled to create a role for themselves that fit somewhere in between the two extremes of the housebound wife/mother and the sexually liberated and predatory "vamp."]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q132'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Describe the rise of corrupt party machines and organized crime in urban America.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q132_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Public officials known as "city bosses" rose to power by creating well-organized political machines that provided minimal social programs for the inner-city poor. The city bosses profited from graft and kickbacks, participated in ballot-box stuffing and voter fraud, intimidated city employees and political opponents, and protected criminals. In return for support at the polls, the machine politicians did favors and often served as vehicles of economic and social advancement for immigrants and other slum dwellers. President John F. Kennedy's grandfathers, John Francis Fitzgerald and Patrick Joseph Kennedy, were examples of Irish immigrants who made fortunes and improved the social status of their families through participation in machine politics. Many of the political bosses were closely allied with big city gangsters. In the Italian, Jewish, Irish, and Chinese ethnic communities local criminals organized gangs that extorted money from legitimate businessmen, controlled prostitution and gambling, and bribed the police and other city officials. Like the machine politicians, the gangsters saw themselves as enterprising American businessmen who simply were achieving success in the expanding capitalist economy of the period.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q133'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Explore the causes and patterns of immigration during the period 1890-1920.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q133_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Essay should address several key points:<br><div style="font-size:2pt"></div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%" border="0"><tr valign="top"><td>A.</td><td colspan="3">Origins of immigrants</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>1.</td><td colspan="2">Most from eastern and southern Europe</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td> </td><td>a.</td><td>23 million between 1880 and 1914</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td> </td><td>b.</td><td>Met resistance from native-born Americans</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>2.</td><td colspan="2">Several hundred thousand from Asia</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td>B.</td><td colspan="3">Causes of immigration</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>1.</td><td colspan="2">Socioeconomic causes</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td> </td><td>a.</td><td>Most left because of economic hardship</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td> </td><td>b.</td><td>Promise of better life (high wages) in United States</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>2.</td><td colspan="2">Political reasons</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td> </td><td>a.</td><td>Labor militants (England, Germany)</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td> </td><td>b.</td><td>Socialists (Germany, Italy)</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>3.</td><td colspan="2">Religious persecution</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td> </td><td>a.</td><td>Russian Jews</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td> </td><td>b.</td><td>Consequences</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td>C.</td><td colspan="3">Patterns of immigration</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>1.</td><td colspan="2">Viewed stay in America as temporary</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td> </td><td>a.</td><td>Single men left families in home country</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td> </td><td>b.</td><td>Many returned to home country</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>2.</td><td colspan="2">World War I preempts return for immigrants</td></tr><tr height="0" style="border:none"><td width="7%"></td><td width="7%"></td><td width="6%"></td><td width="80%"></td></tr></table>]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q134'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Discuss the changing views of the role of women in U.S. society and the emergence of the women's rights movement in the period 1900 to 1920.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q134_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Essay should address several key points:<br><div style="font-size:2pt"></div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%" border="0"><tr valign="top"><td>A.</td><td colspan="2">Changing roles</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>1.</td><td>Victorian "separate spheres"</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>2.</td><td>Increase in number of working-class women in workforce</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>3.</td><td>Shift from domestic to industrial and clerical jobs</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>4.</td><td>Influence of social freedom and popular entertainment</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td>B.</td><td colspan="2">Feminist leaders and issues</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>1.</td><td>Charlotte Perkins Gilman<span style="font-family:'Symbol'">¾</span>collectivized housekeeping</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>2.</td><td>Margaret Sanger<span style="font-family:'Symbol'">¾</span>birth control</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>3.</td><td>Emma Goldman<span style="font-family:'Symbol'">¾</span>free love</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td> </td><td>4.</td><td>Alice Paul<span style="font-family:'Symbol'">¾</span>woman suffrage</td></tr><tr height="0" style="border:none"><td width="7%"></td><td width="7%"></td><td width="86%"></td></tr></table>]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> </POOL>