Andrew Jackson criticized the Bank because he believed that it
A) benefited northern and foreign investors at the expense of southern and western farmers.
B) was too liberal with its loan policies.
C) did not exercise enough centralized control over the monetary system.
D) charged excessive interest rates.
E) benefited plantation owners more than small farmers.
ANSWER: A
As a result of the Lincoln-Douglas debates,
A) the state of Illinois passed legislation making slavery a punishment for crime.
B) both Lincoln and Douglas were defeated by Know-Nothing candidate Nathaniel Banks.
C) Abraham Lincoln was almost kicked out of the Republican Party.
D) Stephen Douglas was re-elected to the U.S. Senate.
E) the Kansas-Nebraska Act was repealed.
ANSWER: D
During the early nineteenth century, the social distinctions based on gender
A) increased.
B) decreased.
C) stayed the same.
D) show significant change only in New England.
E) show significant change only in the deep South.
ANSWER: A
For the most part, the domesticity novels written by women during the mid-nineteenth century were
A) frivolous fairy tales.
B) subversive attacks on the power relations in society.
C) sentimental pastimes of little import.
D) political calls for revolution.
E) stories that supported the power structure.
ANSWER: B
In response to the nullification crisis, Andrew Jackson
A) demanded that Congress enact an even higher new tariff.
B) defended the states' rights position that states were the ultimate judges of constitutional principles.
C) challenged John C. Calhoun to a duel.
D) asserted the inviolability of the union and of federal control of tariffs and other matters of foreign policy.
E) became best friends with Calhoun.
ANSWER: D
In the "Freeport Doctrine,"
A) the Supreme Court ruled that residence in Freeport, Illinois, did not automatically free runaways.
B) Stephen Douglas suggested that the territories could maintain popular sovereignty by refusing to protect slavery there.
C) Abraham Lincoln agreed that there was no means of preventing the extension of slavery.
D) Stephen Douglas insisted that slavery was legal in all the free states and territories.
E) slaves who escaped to the North were declared free.
ANSWER: B
In the nineteenth century supposedly "scientific" theories on racial differences indicated that
A) blacks and whites were intellectually and morally equal.
B) blacks were less likely than whites to become drunkards and thieves.
C) whites and blacks were actually two separate species.
D) it was impossible to determine the causes of the physical and mental variations among human beings.
E) All races are equal.
ANSWER: C
Jacksonian Democrats viewed the "American System" as
A) the most efficient approach to solving the nation's economic and political problems.
B) an unconstitutional violation of local, state, and citizen rights.
C) a means of reducing sectional tensions and calming the fears of southern slave owners.
D) a tax-reform policy that would benefit honest citizens and impoverished politicians.
E) socialism.
ANSWER: B
Many nineteenth-century northern social reformers believed that criminals, the mentally ill, and poor people
A) were lazy, sinful, devil worshippers.
B) could not be helped by government policies or institutions.
C) should either be drafted into the army or employed in federal work camps.
D) should be deported.
E) had been mistreated as children and could be rehabilitated as adults.
ANSWER: E
The controversial and divisive congressional proposal, made by a Pennsylvania congressman, that opposed the extension of slavery into any territory ceded by Mexico, was the
A) Ostend Manifesto.
B) Popular Sovereignty Act.
C) Crittenden Compromise.
D) Wilmot Proviso.
E) Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.
 
ANSWER: D
The Declaration of Sentiments was modeled most closely on the
A) Declaration of Rights and Grievances.
B) Rights of Man.
C) Declaration of Independence.
D) Declaration of Man and the Citizen.
E) the Bible.
ANSWER: C
The Democratic Party
A) supported both agrarian democratic principles and the continuation of southern slavery.
B) favored strict limitations on voting rights.
C) was similar in policy and constituencies to the Federalist Party.
D) was almost destroyed by the election of 1828.
E) was organized to oppose Andrew Jackson.
ANSWER: A
The Dred Scott decision of the U.S. Supreme Court involved a slave who
A) had been taken to live in Kansas.
B) was suing for his freedom because his master had taken him into free territory.
C) sued for his wife's freedom on the grounds that she had been married to a free black.
D) had been freed by his master and who challenged the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850.
E) wished to exercise his right to vote.
ANSWER: B
The national culture that developed after the 1830s included all of the following elements EXCEPT
A) republicanism.
B) capitalism.
C) abolitionism.
D) Protestantism.
E) paternalism.
ANSWER: C
The one issue in the Compromise of 1850 that clearly favored the South was
A) resolution of the Texas-New Mexico boundary dispute.
B) the Fugitive Slave Act.
C) the abolition of slavery in the District of Columbia.
D) the settlement of Texas war debt.
E) the admission of California.
ANSWER: B
The political party that emerged in the 1830s to oppose Andrew Jackson was the ____ Party.
A) Republican
B) Liberty
C) Whig
D) Know-Nothing
E) Free Soil
ANSWER: C
The subject of Charles Sumner's speech that led to his beating on the floor of Congress was
A) the hanging of John Brown.
B) the Dred Scott Decision.
C) the Compromise of 1850
D) the Fugitive Slave Act
E) "Bleeding Kansas."
ANSWER: E
The term _manifest destiny_ refers to the belief that
A) Providence had destined the American continent to be dominated by the United States.
B) war between the United States and Mexico was inevitable.
C) American Indians were to be driven from the continent.
D) the U.S. would defeat the British and become the leading world power.
E) all of these choices.
ANSWER: A
The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
A) authorized the United States to pay $15 million to Mexico.
B) fixed the Texas border at the Rio Grande.
C) ended the United States' war with Mexico.
D) ceded the Northwestern section of Mexico to the U.S.
E) all of the above.
ANSWER: E
The Whig party supported all of the following EXCEPT
A) public suspicion and mistrust of the influence of privileged economic groups on federal policies.
B) moral legislation regulating alcohol consumption.
C) government-supported internal improvements.
D) an active government role in encouraging the expansion of the market economy.
E) public schools.
ANSWER: D