John Quincy Adams internal improvements Andrew Jackson northern and foreign investors southern and western farmers spoils system Indian policy nullification crisis John C. Calhoun McCulloch v. Maryland John Marshall states' rights Jacksonian Democrats "American System" Tariff of 1828 Supreme Court Worcester v. Georgia "Force Bill" South Carolina "Gag Rule" Exposition and Protest Missouri Compromise Maine Indian Removal Act of 1830 Monroe Doctrine Democratic Party Whig national economic development Bank of the United States Roger B. Taney Tariff of Abominations Adams-Onis Treaty Florida Henry Clay Corrupt Bargain Daniel Webster will of the majority Civilized Tribes Jeffersonian limited governmental power strong national/federal government Panic of 1819 "Trail of Tears" Cherokee Indians Indian Territory Oklahoma defense of southern slavery public schools construction of good roads stable currency activist federal government slaveholding South