section_0 Section Pool Subsection Multiple Choice false none vertical false 127 0.0 cb8b697e-bcab-44b1-9383-3e14767d928f Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Human habitation of the Americas began approximately</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">500,000 years ago.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">100,000 years ago.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">15,000 years ago.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">5,000 years ago.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">500 years ago.</span> I0_C2 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 1 0 0 ee570078-00b3-48bd-8623-25446c96bc24 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The nation that led the way for European expansion into the Americas was</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">France.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">England.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">China.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Portugal.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Spain.</span> I1_C3 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 0 1 0 a7e05cdb-ce49-465e-8b7a-d924b942ae43 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The Great Extinction describes the mass death of</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">megafauna.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">megaflora.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">humans.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">bears.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">None of these are correct.</span> I2_C0 SCORE.max 0.0 1 0 0 0 0 2e3e43ce-aad1-4733-befb-9fededd139cd Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The early Native American civilization to leave detailed written records of their activities were the</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Aztec.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Texaca.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Cherokee</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Olmec.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Maya.</span> I3_C4 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 0 0 1 bdb50f6c-e1d9-47da-a3fe-e6d7b5e36e64 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The most dominant Andean power in the 15th century were the</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Olmecs.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Aztecs.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Mayans.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Incas.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Toltecs.</span> I4_C3 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 0 1 0 d4f06c8b-e9e5-4d51-b42a-85a25b2d35ab Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Which product was most profitable for the Spanish in their exploitation of America?</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Gold</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Silver</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Tobacco</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Cotton</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Iron</span> I5_C1 SCORE.max 0.0 0 1 0 0 0 aa6b9b48-56af-4026-bcfd-ab5a71f097c7 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Which European explorer first reached the Grand Canyon?</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Francisco de Coronado</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Amerigo Vespucci</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Francisco Pizarro</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Hernan Cortés</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Prince Henry</span> I6_C0 SCORE.max 0.0 1 0 0 0 0 053fef95-40a2-4926-9a50-b2ae9ade7064 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The system of labor control that allowed a person to exploit the labor force for a certain period of time was called</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;"><i>hacienda.</i></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;"><i>encomienda.</i></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;"><i>bandeirante.</i></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;"><i>requerimiento.</i></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;"><i>casa grande.</i></span> I7_C1 SCORE.max 0.0 0 1 0 0 0 7181f6fe-8e49-414e-b574-37057743d1e3 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Which had the most devastating impact on the Indian population?</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Soldiers on horseback</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Advanced weaponry</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Civil war</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Crop failure</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Microbes</span> I8_C4 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 0 0 1 cc3f6950-43bb-4ae8-b15b-58f5f18d0cee Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">In the period 1530–1630, the population of Mexico and Peru decreased by nearly</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">10 percent.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">30 percent.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">60 percent.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">90 percent.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">100 percent.</span> I9_C3 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 0 1 0 25e1adfe-992b-4b05-8f71-aa8c7f40ed49 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Unlike Spain in the Americas, Portugal in Brazil did not attempt to rule the Indian population directly, but attempted to</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">use it as labor.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">remove it to Portugal.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">enslave and eventually replace it.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Christianize it.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">exterminate it.</span> I10_C2 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 1 0 0 cf76e541-e510-4f50-9177-0e061a0d8f97 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The most likely reason for European success in conquering the American Indian population is the</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">prolonged isolation of the Americas from the rest of the world.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">superiority of European civilizations.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">warlike savagery of the Europeans.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">passivity of Native Americans.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">success of the priests in converting them to Christianity.</span> I11_C0 SCORE.max 0.0 1 0 0 0 0 c1e77d35-deaa-419b-a277-eeae4124e925 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Who of the following was the conqueror of the Inca empire?</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Francisco Pizarro</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Hernán Cortés</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Francisco de Coronado</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Vasco da Gama</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Bishop de las Casas</span> I12_C0 SCORE.max 0.0 1 0 0 0 0 888db6bc-dd63-46d3-9007-d59af6f29df7 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Each of the following could be referred to as a <i>conquistador</i> except</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Hernán Cortés.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Francisco Pizarro.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Vasco da Gama.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Francisco de Coronado.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Hernando de Soto.</span> I13_C2 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 1 0 0 e14507e2-3660-498d-9587-f99a8625f577 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The Chinese developed all of the following except</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">movable type.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">gunpowder.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">paper money.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">the compass.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">a complex political system.</span> I14_C0 SCORE.max 0.0 1 0 0 0 0 25392fdb-c5d0-4c9c-b645-5c5c26ac6e5d Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The society that was able to build complex agricultural systems at 12,000 feet above sea level—an unheard of task—was</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Andean.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Mayan.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Aztec.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Incan.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">African.</span> I15_C0 SCORE.max 0.0 1 0 0 0 0 8bf4bec8-f60f-41ad-acd8-51fb2b0b4f18 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">In 1400, western European society was</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">self-sufficient and had no interest in trading with Asia.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">primarily interested in importing gold and silver from Russia.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">backward and isolated when compared with Chinese and Islamic societies.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">scientifically and mathematically the most advanced culture in the world.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">not influenced by religion.</span> I16_C2 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 1 0 0 2dfeda38-cb02-4bff-a686-afd916b600d3 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The crusades influenced European expansion by</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">establishing permanent Christian control of the holy city of Jerusalem.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">demonstrating that the Arab nations of the East were weak and easily defeated.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">developing a colonial economic system based on the production of staple crops by slave labor.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">discouraging trade with Asian and African nations.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">providing slaves for the plantations in the Caribbean.</span> I17_C2 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 1 0 0 d3347b12-6ab7-41da-bf03-0269728c84dd Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Before the arrival of the Europeans, the Indian societies of the Americas</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">were all primitive, nomadic hunters, and gatherers.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">were democratic cultures in which all members, including women, could vote.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">used bronze and iron for tools and weapons.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">had all developed a written language.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">were Stone Age cultures.</span> I18_C4 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 0 0 1 fb9802ef-8652-4478-a7f9-4ba06afe508b Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Most European Christians viewed the Indians as</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">innocent, childlike people who should be left alone.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">descendants of the ancient survivors of the lost continent of Atlantis.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">soulless savages.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">sophisticated people who were morally and ethically superior to the inhabitants of Asia and Europe.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">one of the lost tribes of Israel.</span> I19_C2 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 1 0 0 afc08891-ef3f-4147-889d-077312e35d09 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Which of the following is not true of the Spanish <i>conquistadores</i>?</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">They succeeded in part because smallpox decimated the Indian population.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">They led huge armies of 50,000 to 100,000 well-trained Europeans.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">They searched unsuccessfully for fabulous golden cities in North America.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">They conquered two major empires in the Americas and greatly increased the wealth and power of Spain.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">They destroyed religious items of the native people.</span> I20_C1 SCORE.max 0.0 0 1 0 0 0 204bd914-ba34-4cff-840a-c2b604e3a8cf Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Who constructed early apartments in Colorado caves and cliffs?</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Anasazi</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Mayans</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Aztecs</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Adena-Hopewell</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">None of these are correct.</span> I21_C2 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 1 0 0 96427f5e-6b8d-483f-ba6a-48a0b393a546 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Where did the mound builder cultures arise?</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Along the Delaware River.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Near the coast of Florida.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">In the Mississippi and Ohio River valleys.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">In the Hudson River valley.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">West of the Rocky Mountains.</span> I22_C2 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 1 0 0 d049468b-edb2-496b-af82-ee8a32a5f111 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">All except which of the following were negative results of the exploration and discovery era?</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Millions of Africans were enslaved and transported to other parts of the world.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Warfare, slavery, and disease killed millions of Indians.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Many plants native to the Americas were displaced by European imports.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">The Asian nations of China, India, and Japan became the wealthiest and most powerful countries in the world.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">European animals overran American rivals.</span> I23_C3 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 0 1 0 b96e9846-8f4b-4246-a92d-652614ad74fc Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The largest mound-building city was located near present-day</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">St. Louis.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">St. Paul.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">St. Augustine.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">St. Petersburg.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">San Francisco.</span> I24_C0 SCORE.max 0.0 1 0 0 0 0 dbab092f-64c2-4736-b77f-c57099939c68 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The Black Death reduced Europe's population by</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">25 percent.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">33 percent.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">50 percent.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">66 percent.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">75 percent.</span> I25_C1 SCORE.max 0.0 0 1 0 0 0 17fb780d-1217-4651-9451-bd90acb77639 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The Portuguese caravel was</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">a ship based on an English design.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">a ship based on an Arab design.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">a system of trade adapted from Arabs.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">a system of trade adapted from the Chinese.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">a device used to measure wind speed.</span> I26_C1 SCORE.max 0.0 0 1 0 0 0 5cdf52c9-5121-4c2e-8ca1-9a335822b770 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Which European nation was the first to expand its colonial empire?</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Spain</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">England</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Italy</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">France</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Portugal</span> I27_C4 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 0 0 1 b3aed693-0261-47ac-9911-080a8c347884 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">What was the center of the Portuguese empire in Asia?</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Japan</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">The Moluccas</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Korea</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">China</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Indonesia</span> I28_C1 SCORE.max 0.0 0 1 0 0 0 30dfd376-bb36-4511-9658-37bafce5ac01 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The site of Portugal’s first imperial settlement was</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Sao Tome.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">the Madeira Islands.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">the Cape Verde group.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">the Azores.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Brazil.</span> I29_C1 SCORE.max 0.0 0 1 0 0 0 788c40f8-1500-4171-8f8d-09673aa1b288 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Before the 19th century, more than ____ of the people who sailed across the Atlantic were slaves.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">one-quarter</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">one-third</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">one-half</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">two-thirds</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">three-quarters</span> I30_C3 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 0 1 0 0d138e73-8d64-4309-a69a-e2ea67742544 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Which of the following was NOT a result of the Medieval Warm Period?</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Viking exploration of North America</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">The rise of an urban center at Chaco Canyon</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">The growth of Cahokia</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">The mass extinction of megafauna</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">All of these are correct.</span> I31_C3 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 0 1 0 203d5c6b-ecd8-4ec0-b73b-49d94855e913 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Gutenberg’s printing press was invented in the</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">1340s.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">1430s.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">1530s.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">1540s.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">1290s.</span> I32_C1 SCORE.max 0.0 0 1 0 0 0 06428176-4dc0-4b87-b3fc-d621c0162a4b Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">In spite of being the most complex culture in the world, China did not expand outward because</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">the Chinese religion forbade overseas ventures.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">it was conquered by the Europeans.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">it produced little that the outside world wanted.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">it was a self-contained system that believed it did not need the rest of the world.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">it was defeated by Europe in the 1400s.</span> I33_C3 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 0 1 0 43a3f919-f14c-4ec4-b1e3-f6234a6d8d3d Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Which is true of slavery within Africa?</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Slaves were forced to work long hours in commercial agriculture.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">The children of slaves were often assimilated into the captor's society.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Slavery only affected Christians.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Slavery was race-based.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Slavery did not exist within Africa.</span> I34_C1 SCORE.max 0.0 0 1 0 0 0 117c2273-1daf-42d0-bd2e-940aea212a2e Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Aztecs proved to be particularly resistant to the smallpox virus.</div> true false false SCORE.max 0.0 7fb4a5f8-db80-4d83-84a1-b2ed7e3639bd Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">One of the major advantages Spain had in the race for exploration was the trailblazing maneuvers of navigator Prince Henry.</div> true false false SCORE.max 0.0 6c30b976-7ad5-4756-8813-065b5f0aa382 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The first European slaves were Muslims.</div> true false true SCORE.max 0.0 158faf5d-f2c0-485e-b9b8-aae0b0325a9e Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The cliff palaces of Mesa Verde were built by the Hohokam.</div> true false true SCORE.max 0.0 f8073c5c-3c2a-43b8-a415-b23f40be2493 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The Great Extinction was largely due to climate change.</div> true false true SCORE.max 0.0 577a13df-fb15-46d2-813f-a3228906a6e3 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The large Spanish estates that developed in the countryside of the Americas in the 16th century were known as <i>Cahokias</i>.</div> true false false SCORE.max 0.0 6c3dd4be-bfa1-41f0-988b-7b48000dddd2 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Henry the Navigator was the first European to reach India via an eastward water route.</div> true false false SCORE.max 0.0 a8c14361-649e-4f26-b369-34bfce94c8b0 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The rise of slavery in the New World was closely related to the demands of the capitalist market in Europe.</div> true false true SCORE.max 0.0 d7ed9697-e3a2-4d2e-b9a5-d87af22e2cf1 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The most sophisticated civilization in the world at the time of European exploration was in New Mexico.</div> true false false SCORE.max 0.0 b6f098a3-a6ca-4b1c-a535-bf091f3d5064 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The Indian peoples of the Americas had only domesticated one animal species, the dog, before the arrival of the Europeans.</div> true false false SCORE.max 0.0 0185d30a-f708-4c2f-b381-09d65f130b65 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The Norse had great fear of the battle prowess of local Indians, whom they called “Skrellings,” or “brave warriors.”</div> true false false SCORE.max 0.0 2242ed35-5312-443b-a66a-c4bed9421a39 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Before Gutenberg’s press, no printing methods existed anywhere else in the world.</div> true false false SCORE.max 0.0 cf823581-eb14-4959-a55b-a3be7c97109d Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The Portuguese ocean-going ship that combined lateen sails with square rigging was called a schooner.</div> true false false SCORE.max 0.0 d641762c-d5db-45ab-a019-d149b52b5528 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Christians during the 15th and 16th centuries did not believe in executing people for violating religious doctrines.</div> true false false SCORE.max 0.0 dc7b5bb4-4a6f-4b9c-bfc0-3afd005951f0 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Beringia was never a hospitable place for plant and animal life.</div> true false false SCORE.max 0.0 9198a98d-743d-4b52-8382-f338e920bb1c Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Humans did not actually live on Beringia; it was used only as a means of travel between Siberia and Alaska.</div> true false false SCORE.max 0.0 7eb00188-316e-4b78-83cf-26ae7997ae44 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The Indians of the Pacific northwest did not divide their labor by gender roles.</div> true false false SCORE.max 0.0 b3a7b5e1-66c9-4be1-bf39-28543816508a Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Women were probably the first in Indian society to actually plant and harvest crops.</div> true false true SCORE.max 0.0 5714aaf6-35ef-4710-8809-2342478f3100 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">In the Americas as in Africa, the rise of farming was closely linked to the domestication of animals.</div> true false false SCORE.max 0.0 d7e93a11-7ae8-4266-a136-7d5f61322120 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The Norse had no impact on long-term European settlement in American history.</div> true false false SCORE.max 0.0 361ca9b8-536f-4266-9ede-c97df56880e2 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The compass was a Chinese invention.</div> true false true SCORE.max 0.0 f6f2d454-38b0-4041-8e30-cf0478c611c4 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">In 1400, Europe was prepared and ready for a dramatic imperial expansion.</div> true false false SCORE.max 0.0 5b227e92-27b1-465b-8c8c-12fda6c93c6b Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Portuguese mariners borrowed heavily from British ship designs and used British navigational tools.</div> true false false SCORE.max 0.0 0d100931-23db-4adc-b1b5-d9739aefa433 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Europeans introduced Africa to the concept of slavery.</div> true false false SCORE.max 0.0 a2e4fa37-d1f7-4dd7-850e-e3ef1e3c3b06 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Portuguese naval power was expanded to protect the spice trade.</div> true false true SCORE.max 0.0 36724f54-3cf9-4902-bbc0-fa1bceef0f27 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Europe's most fiercely Catholic society as the 16th century began was Spain.</div> true false true SCORE.max 0.0 57475a09-1b00-4738-8a41-a947d515a39d Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">As the encomienda system faded, a new system of debt peonage kept Indians tied to the Spanish.</div> true false true SCORE.max 0.0 29183d9b-5e4a-4109-a142-439e95c04807 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan, even at its peak, was far less populated than Madrid.</div> true false false SCORE.max 0.0 0d9cce39-959f-44b8-b14d-ff6feae07064 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The Toltecs controlled the Valley of Mexico for three centuries.</div> true false true SCORE.max 0.0 e5ab0f25-1c93-45a3-b5b1-310dc1e9ffce Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Steel was more crucial to European conquest of the Americas than gunpowder.</div> true false true SCORE.max 0.0 59ccda16-cba7-4ae8-afbc-afeadb2fd957 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Women in semisedentary Indian societies made crucial contributions to farming.</div> true false true SCORE.max 0.0 9b7fa8cb-e193-40fe-b938-7d8abba8466c Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Cortés was able to seize and hold Tenochtitlán without difficulty.</div> true false false SCORE.max 0.0 a42a4fce-c45d-4a53-8e02-fcd1ddcd8145 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The Franciscans were the first Catholic missionaries to the North American Indians.</div> true false false SCORE.max 0.0 7374b691-31b1-4435-8de1-d2ffd3aa38b1 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">In 1573, the Spanish King disavowed the enslavement of Indians or even attacks against them.</div> true false true SCORE.max 0.0 b196a823-4456-458f-9a7f-cc0c0d1b4585 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Franciscan missionaries systematically tortured their Mayan converts when they caught them worshipping their old gods.</div> true false true SCORE.max 0.0 483d19d2-2fab-4f47-a2b3-837c305f6e45 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">American gold made the king of Spain the most powerful monarch in Christendom.</div> true false false SCORE.max 0.0 141a2b1e-2040-4b63-9daf-d8aa3b18a77c Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">In the 15th century, the Chinese government ruled 100 million people.</div> true false true SCORE.max 0.0 985f5c11-b07f-4192-8aab-c0516538d7b5 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Aside from Marco Polo, the Chinese had no contact whatsoever with the rest of the world.</div> true false false SCORE.max 0.0 a0f17f78-c7bf-4815-b89f-2c9cfe3d1821 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 True/False <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">For the Western Hemisphere as a whole, any given region probably lost at least 90 percent of its population within a year of sustained contact with Europeans.</div> true false true SCORE.max 0.0 05ded9b6-de2b-4c63-99c9-e20523035a74 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">In 1580, the ____________________ Empire was the greatest empire the world had ever known.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Incan</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Mayan</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Aztec</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Spanish</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">French</span> I74_C3 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 0 1 0 9ff6c613-ae46-4ef4-937d-a9e605ae489c Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The conqueror of the Aztecs was ____________________.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Francesco Pizarro</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Hernán Cortés</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Tenochtitlán</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Ferdinand Magellan</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca.</span> I75_C1 SCORE.max 0.0 0 1 0 0 0 3a70960b-b5db-482b-975a-8fa759aec476 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Pedro Alvares Cabral discovered ____________________ in South America accidentally.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Portugal</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Gold</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Brazil</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Silver</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Argentina</span> I76_C1 SCORE.max 0.0 0 1 0 0 0 f82489e1-fd65-4539-a084-1619c615566e Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The marriage of Queen Isabella of Castile and King ____________________ of Aragon formed the foundation for modern Spain.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Henry</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Neymar</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Francisco</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Mario</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Ferdinand</span> I77_C4 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 0 0 1 c65e8fb1-cdcb-46e8-bcbb-04bf8c537de0 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The papal decree that divided the Americas between Portugal and Spain was called the ____________________.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;"><i>Inter Caeteras</i></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;"><i>Lux Aeterna</i></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;"><i>Principum Ecclisiasticus</i></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;"><i>Te Deum</i></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;"><i>Corpus Americas</i></span> I78_C0 SCORE.max 0.0 1 0 0 0 0 b489af1c-cf37-4455-9230-5738aca90728 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The ____________________ was a type of spear point that originated in the New Mexico-Texas area, spread rapidly across the Americas, and contributed to the elimination of large game animals.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Taos point</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Dallas whittler</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Clovis tip</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Buffalo spike</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Topo Chico</span> I79_C2 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 1 0 0 9fb0c036-d58d-4fd9-b5d9-f5170f9f77b7 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">____________________ was the 11th-century Norse explorer who established Vinland, the first European colony in North America.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Olaf the Red</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Loki Lundersson</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Leif Eriksson</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Erik Liefsson</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Hodor Hodorsson</span> I80_C2 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 1 0 0 2897a3e5-2794-4aab-bc45-d80fdaebbae5 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">In the 14th century an outbreak of ____________________ wiped out one-third of Europe's population.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">smallpox</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">tuberculosis</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">bubonic plague</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Spanish flu</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">typhus</span> I81_C2 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 1 0 0 33e06dc5-b245-4424-9659-600067cbc450 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Humans definitely were living in parts of Alaska about ____________________ years ago.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">120,000</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">100,000</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">50,000</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">30,000</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">15,000</span> I82_C4 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 0 0 1 b6069d47-d951-422b-8a9f-b7df75a67cb7 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The primary crop of the first American farmers in Peru, Mexico, and the southwestern United States was ____________________.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">tobacco</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">maize</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">wheat</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">rice</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">potatoes</span> I83_C1 SCORE.max 0.0 0 1 0 0 0 f9109ed5-f081-439e-9b3f-a13f2ad480ec Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The world's largest and grandest city in the 1200s was in ____________________.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Peru</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Italy</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">China</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">England</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">France</span> I84_C2 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 1 0 0 e1271bb6-3634-41de-a789-80f9e993bb56 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">By 1300, more than ____________________ million people were living in Europe.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">100</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">200</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">300</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">400</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">500</span> I85_C0 SCORE.max 0.0 1 0 0 0 0 4369511b-eac8-4f25-a7e9-6eb0ee531a63 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The Aztec capital, ____________________, was more populated than any western European city.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Tenochtitlán</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Machu Picchu</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">La Venta</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Tres Zapotes</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Cuzco</span> I86_C0 SCORE.max 0.0 1 0 0 0 0 15c1057d-62b7-4eb2-9762-9a533c61da80 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Almost ____________________ million people lived in the Western Hemisphere 1492.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">30</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">40</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">50</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">60</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">70</span> I87_C2 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 1 0 0 f18331a4-7668-47b7-b703-730959102e9a Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">____________________ was the Inca capital.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Tenochtitlán</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Machu Picchu</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">La Venta</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Tres Zapotes</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Cuzco</span> I88_C4 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 0 0 1 29ba435c-9109-4b55-acda-543ce1a2b7e5 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The ____________________ practiced human sacrifice on a scale that had no parallel anywhere else in the world.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Celts</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Aztecs</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Incas</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Chinese</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Spanish</span> I89_C1 SCORE.max 0.0 0 1 0 0 0 eefd856e-68ed-43e8-881d-41f4c656dc7a Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The world's largest earthen work was constructed by the Mississippian mound building people at ____________________.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Cuzco</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Cahokia</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Machu Picchu</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Anisazi</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Hopewell</span> I90_C1 SCORE.max 0.0 0 1 0 0 0 5547ec4a-899e-4d02-ae91-eb01f9165699 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">By the mid-1600s, there were ____________________ Spanish missions in Florida containing about 26,000 converted Indians.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">5</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">15</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">20</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">25</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">30</span> I91_C4 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 0 0 1 6d0fd666-8d4e-45d3-be77-a62f3e471d47 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The ____________________ helped the Spanish conquer the Aztecs.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Anasazi</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Adena-Hopewell</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Incas</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Tlaxcalans</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Mayans</span> I92_C3 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 0 1 0 21089441-305b-4ff3-bd74-2a63dd27e51a Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">By ____________________, the Pueblo, Apache, and Navajo Indians of New Mexico had accepted baptism.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">1590</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">1610</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">1630</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">1650</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">1660</span> I93_C2 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 1 0 0 541bc23c-e275-4071-8be0-4a4ce028508d Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The first crop produced by African slave labor in the Caribbean was ____________________.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">maize</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">sugar</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">tobacco</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">wheat</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">rice</span> I94_C1 SCORE.max 0.0 0 1 0 0 0 ee5573fb-2fbf-40ab-b4fb-f9d9c1e88613 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">More than any other technological advantage, ____________________ made European military conquest possible.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">horses</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">gunpowder</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">steel</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">cannon</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">fire</span> I95_C2 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 1 0 0 9156bf29-0d3c-4856-800e-140b59b84c73 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The ____________________ established their first African fort at Cape Blanco in 1448.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Dutch</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Spanish</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">French</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Portuguese</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">English</span> I96_C3 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 0 1 0 4a217a22-e767-4c08-a14b-2ebd62ce21b7 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The Spanish kingdom of ____________________ sent its first settlers to the Canary Islands just after 1400.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Barcelona</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Badalona</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Castile</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Madrid</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Guernica</span> I97_C2 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 1 0 0 358e018b-338a-486c-a783-5ae74c10d56c Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">____________________ entered the 16th century as Europe's most fiercely Catholic society.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">England</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Portugal</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Spain</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">France</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Holland</span> I98_C2 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 1 0 0 86fa1806-20b0-4d2d-9d63-f1d1969c3a00 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">In 1492, Spain took control of ____________________, the last outpost of Islam on the Iberian peninsula.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Granada</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Madrid</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Barcelona</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Guernica</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Valencia</span> I99_C0 SCORE.max 0.0 1 0 0 0 0 e4466628-f699-41b8-a5ce-7408c52e91a5 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The first mariner to sail around the world was ____________________.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Columbus</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">da Gama</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Magellan</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Cortés</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Dias</span> I100_C2 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 1 0 0 860e231d-d2dc-4301-9e0f-e4920db0cb71 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The Inca Empire stretched ____________________ miles north to south.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">500</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">2,000</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">4,000</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">6,000</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">10,000</span> I101_C1 SCORE.max 0.0 0 1 0 0 0 31ccceb2-8a98-4663-992f-185c10ca404a Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The transfer of animals, plants and diseases between European explorers and native peoples in the Americas is referred to by historians as the ____________________ .</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Atlantic Crossing</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Magellan Tide</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Free Flow</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Invader Theory</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Columbian Exchange</span> I102_C4 SCORE.max 0.0 0 0 0 0 1 08fbe069-3fd3-4212-b290-42b5fff27836 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The ____________________ Empire was the largest nonliterate empire in history.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Aztec</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Inca</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Mayan</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Chinese</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">British</span> I103_C1 SCORE.max 0.0 0 1 0 0 0 4fc0e04b-9e25-4d87-8d6d-a74f8f79113d Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Multiple Choice <div data-keepme="true" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The ____________________ were cliff-dwelling people in the American southwest.</div> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Anasazi</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Adena-Hopewell</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Incas</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Tlaxcalans</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ;">Mayans</span> I104_C0 SCORE.max 0.0 1 0 0 0 0 4b219ed5-1bb6-4dd1-96e8-c9b1e74d04b7 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Short Response <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; "><b>Clovis tip</b></div> SCORE.max 0.0 <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">A superior spear point developed before 9000 B.C. It was in use nearly everywhere in North and South America and produced such an improvement in hunting ability that it contributed to the extinction of most large mammals.</div> 9b7cc6f5-b902-47d6-960c-b3622b415b61 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Short Response <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; "><b>Neolithic</b></div> SCORE.max 0.0 <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The period known also as the late Stone Age. Agriculture developed, and stone, rather than metal, tools were used.</div> 69aa691b-cfa1-497f-bbbf-d2f6d4d4c375 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Short Response <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; "><b>Incas</b></div> SCORE.max 0.0 <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The last and most extensive pre-Columbian empire in the Andes and along the Pacific coast of South America.</div> 4eaecc77-66a1-44e0-b0ff-947bf5fa0aa5 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Short Response <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; "><b>Olmecs</b></div> SCORE.max 0.0 <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The oldest pre-Columbian high culture to appear in what is now Mexico.</div> 0de772c0-7f37-4dec-8d7c-2b6ed723f167 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Short Response <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; "><b>Mayan</b></div> SCORE.max 0.0 <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Indigenous people and culture of what today are southeast Mexico, Granada, and Belize.</div> 4b4358e2-4005-45d3-859f-e16a96cef6f6 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Short Response <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; "><b>Aztecs</b></div> SCORE.max 0.0 <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The last pre-Columbian high culture in the Valley of Mexico. It was conquered by the Spaniards in 1519–1521.</div> d933d4d0-4151-4868-9ac9-bec45529704e Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Short Response <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; "><b>Tenochtitlán</b></div> SCORE.max 0.0 <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The huge Aztec capital city destroyed by Cortés.</div> fc149ed4-9d9b-47b9-b1d6-790f58d31d81 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Short Response <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; "><b>Anasazi</b></div> SCORE.max 0.0 <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">An advanced pre-Columbian cliff-dwelling culture that flourished for two centuries in what are now the states of Arizona, New Mexico, Utah, and Colorado before abandoning these sites in the late 13th century A.D.</div> ddc71dcc-876a-46f3-a331-53be5c5e1c5f Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Short Response <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; "><b>Cahokia</b></div> SCORE.max 0.0 <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">The largest city created by Mississippian mound builders. Located in Illinois near modern</div><p>St. Louis, it thrived from A.D. 900 to 1250 and then declined.</p><p></p> d75ff786-1fea-420f-afb6-b654744c4703 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Short Response <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; "><b>staple crop</b></div> SCORE.max 0.0 <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">A crop grown for commercial sale. It usually was produced in a colonial area and was sold in Europe. The first staple crops were sugar and tobacco.</div> b653c79b-9270-46b7-8bb5-a7dc7a0f22fb Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Short Response <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; "><b>slave labor</b></div> SCORE.max 0.0 <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Coerced involuntary work performed by people under the threat of violence or hardship. Historically, slave labor has taken many forms from chattel slavery, in which people are treated as legally owned personal property, to debt bondage where a person pledges his or her labor to pay off a loan.</div> fdf77ba6-39e6-4bf3-950d-fc43e86ec8e6 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Essay <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Examine the reasons why Portugal rose to the forefront during the early period of European exploration.</div> SCORE.max 0.0 <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Answers will vary.</div> 6040161f-7570-402b-9127-6c724ff04b77 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Essay <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Compare and contrast the urban cultures of the Southwest with the mound builders.</div> SCORE.max 0.0 <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Answers will vary.</div> d16f4c6b-1a1a-489e-915e-5c4cc90bd2c3 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Essay <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Describe European society in the 15th and 16th centuries.</div> SCORE.max 0.0 <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Answers will vary.</div> 955086ab-d2a2-4e3a-a324-d799e9d25e77 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Essay <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Examine Mayan society at its peak from the 6th to the 10th centuries.</div> SCORE.max 0.0 <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Answers will vary.</div> a97e784a-95b2-4a8e-9ba6-d20085a0fc94 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Essay <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Why did China not expand its empire overseas?</div> SCORE.max 0.0 <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Answers will vary.</div> 0dc3326d-277f-430d-bd20-b09be1b2cb31 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Essay <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">How did the European slave trade compare to that of slavery within Africa?</div> SCORE.max 0.0 <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Answers will vary.</div> 76922cd0-dd86-4201-aaea-69174bbd682c Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Essay <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Describe the most significant biological exchanges between Europe and the Americas.</div> SCORE.max 0.0 <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Answers will vary.</div> 75ce94d5-1a52-4e04-8a42-34cae6fd2e8f Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Essay <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Examine the variety of Native American societies in the period before European conquest.</div> SCORE.max 0.0 <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Answers will vary.</div> 0edf8cf6-090a-4dcc-965e-26723df34372 Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Essay <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">What explains the European desire for exploration and settlement in the 15th century?</div> SCORE.max 0.0 <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Answers will vary.</div> 5fe696b0-2cfb-43e3-969f-de635e00848e Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Essay <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Describe and analyze the consequences of the exchange of goods, technology, and bacteria between the Old and New Worlds.</div> SCORE.max 0.0 <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Answers will vary.</div> 5f7c3352-a89f-48f4-b5fe-6b6398d6ab6f Item Pool Subsection false letter_lower false vertical false 1 0.0 Essay <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Discuss the role of religion in the era of exploration and discovery.</div> SCORE.max 0.0 <div style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; ">Answers will vary.</div>