Absolutism divine right Peace of Westphalia Frederick William the Great Elector Brandenburg-Prussia General War Commissariat Louis XIV Versailles Dutch Republic James I Stuart Bourbon Habsburg Sun King Thirty Years' War Peter the Great Baroque Gian Lorenzo Bernini Rembrandt van Rijn witchcraft hysteria tsar Cardinal Richelieu English Bill of Rights constitutional monarchy Holy Roman Empire John Locke social contract "Glorious Revolution" of 1688 James II William of Orange Thomas Hobbes mankind was animalistic Russian women Parliament serfs boyars Lope de Vega "last of the religious wars"